European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of ephedrine and ketamine in prevention of injection pain and hypotension due to propofol induction.
This prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study compares the effects of ephedrine and ketamine on injection pain, and hypotension from propofol. ⋯ Low dose ketamine or ephedrine pretreatment may prevent hypotension due to propofol induction. Despite the reduction in injection pain intensity after ketamine, the study drugs were found to be ineffective in lowering the injection pain incidence.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Remifentanil for analgesia during retrobulbar nerve block placement.
Patients undergoing eye surgery under regional anaesthesia often require concomitant medication for analgesia and comfort. Remifentanil, with its ultra-short acting-profile, may be useful to reduce pain during retrobulbar nerve block for cataract surgery. ⋯ In patients undergoing retrobulbar block placement for eye surgery, 0.3 microg kg(-1) remifentanil over 30 s significantly reduced their reported pain. In addition, remifentanil did not increase the risk of untoward side-effects.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Transient neurological symptoms with subarachnoid lidocaine: effect of early mobilization.
Although lidocaine has been used extensively for spinal anaesthesia since 1949, it has been associated with transient neurological symptoms only in the past 10 yr. It has been suggested that early ambulation after spinal anaesthesia, as opposed to traditional 24 h recumbency, might be the causative factor for the development of transient neurological symptoms. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of early ambulation on the incidence of transient neurological symptoms after single injection spinal anaesthesia with lidocaine 2%. ⋯ Under the conditions of this study, there is no correlation between the time of ambulation after spinal anaesthesia with lidocaine and the incidence of transient neurological symptoms.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of three modes of patient-controlled epidural analgesia during labour.
This study compares three modes of patient-controlled epidural analgesia in parturients during labour. ⋯ The three modes of patient-controlled epidural analgesia supplemented by a background infusion of 6 mL h(-1) were equally effective for labour analgesia with a trend for decreased rescue analgesia in the group with a larger bolus dose and a longer lockout interval.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Large bolus dose vs. continuous infusion of cisatracurium during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.
We investigated whether a high bolus dose of cisatracurium (8x ED95) given at induction can provide muscle relaxation for the major part of a cardiac procedure with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, avoid important postoperative residual curarization and cause no waste of product. ⋯ For continued neuromuscular block during hypothermic cardiac surgery, a high bolus dose of cisatracurium appears to be safe, although it is not an alternative to a continuous infusion, as its neuromuscular blockade does not cover the intraoperative period and a high incidence of movements occurs. In the patients who received a high bolus dose of cisatracurium, postoperative residual curarization appeared after additional boluses had been given. The consumption of cisatracurium by high bolus was significantly greater than with continuous infusion.