European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Sensory blockade after thoracic paravertebral injection of ropivacaine or bupivacaine.
No clinical trials comparing the characteristics of sensory blockade caused by various local anaesthetics in thoracic paravertebral blockade have been published. The aim of this prospective study was a clinical assessment of sensory blockade after paravertebral injection of ropivacaine or bupivacaine in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy. ⋯ Both agents provide satisfactory conditions for mastectomy, but ropivacaine seems to be superior to bupivacaine for thoracic paravertebral blockade during breast cancer surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A comparison of the effect on gastric emptying of propofol or dexmedetomidine in critically ill patients: preliminary study.
Propofol and dexmedetomidine are widely used for sedation in the intensive care unit yet there are limited data on its effects on gastric motility. In our preliminary study, we examined whether or not any effect of propofol and dexmedetomidine on gastric emptying is preserved in critically ill patients. ⋯ In our study, gastric residual volume measured at the end of propofol infusion was found to be higher when compared with the volume measured before infusion and after dexmedetomidine infusion. There was no difference between groups in gastric emptying time.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Ondansetron or droperidol for prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting after intrathecal morphine.
There is a controversy regarding the best drug for prevention of nausea and vomiting in patients receiving intrathecal morphine. The aim of this study was to examine efficacy and tolerability of droperidol compared with ondansetron for the prevention of morphine-induced nausea and vomiting. ⋯ Ondansetron was effective in reducing the incidence of nausea and vomiting in patients receiving intrathecal morphine for Caesarean section.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Gabapentin reduces cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.
We have compared the effects of gabapentin on arterial pressure and heart rate at induction of anaesthesia and tracheal intubation in a randomized double-blind study. ⋯ Given 1 h before operation gabapentin 800 mg blunted the arterial pressure and heart rate increase in first 10 min due to endotracheal intubation. Oral administration of gabapentin 800 mg before induction of anaesthesia is a simple and practical method for attenuating pressor response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation after standard elective induction.
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Review
Cardiac risk reduction in non-cardiac surgery: the role of anaesthesia and monitoring techniques.
Cardiac complications are the major cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality of patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. This is related to the frequent presence of underlying coronary artery disease. ⋯ On the other hand, less attention was given to the role of anaesthesia and monitoring techniques in the cardiac risk management of high-risk patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. The aim of this review was to summarize the current evidence from published studies on the effect of the type of anaesthesia and monitoring techniques on perioperative cardiac outcome in non-cardiac surgery.