European journal of anaesthesiology
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Combined spinal epidural analgesia is effective for fast relief of severe labour pain but has been associated with worrisome decreases in fetal heart rate. Since the reasons for this phenomenon remain elusive, some anaesthesiologists may abstain from using this technique. We postulated that factors unrelated to the neuraxial technique could play a role in the decrease in fetal heart rate. To our knowledge, no prospective study has previously looked into this possibility. ⋯ Maternal pain scores and older maternal age are factors unrelated to the neuraxial technique that are independent predictors of fetal bradycardia after neuraxial analgesia for labour.
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Sedation is frequently used during ophthalmic regional anaesthesia. There is no 'ideal' drug for sedation or analgesia. Various drugs either alone or in combination have been used with different methods of administration. This review includes the roles of sedation, the pharmacology of drugs and the safety of sedation in patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery.
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Letter Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Intraoperative epidural analgesia does not reduce time of postoperative analgesic treatment compared to intravenous analgesia.
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Combined spinal-epidural analgesia is effective in labour analgesia. Nitric oxide may play important roles in pregnancy and labour and is probably affected by labour pain. The aim of the present study was to explore the alteration in serum levels of nitric oxide metabolites, i.e. nitrate and nitrite, during labour with or without combined spinal-epidural analgesia. ⋯ Combined spinal-epidural analgesia provided effective analgesia and abolished the decrease in nitric oxide metabolites during active labour.