European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Antiemetic efficacy of metoclopramide and diphenhydramine added to patient-controlled morphine analgesia: a randomised controlled trial.
the objective of this study was to assess whether antiemetic drugs metoclopramide and diphenhydramine, administered together as opposed to alone, can have better efficacy in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting when added to patient-controlled morphine analgesia. ⋯ results of this study showed that a combination of metoclopramide with diphenhydramine in patients treated with dexamethasone at anaesthesia induction decreased postoperative nausea and vomiting compared to metoclopramide or diphenhydramine in these patients, when added to patient-controlled anaesthesia with morphine.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Dexmedetomidine versus fentanyl as adjuvant to propofol: comparative study in children undergoing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.
the present study was designed to compare the efficacy, tolerability and safety of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl when combined with propofol during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in children. ⋯ both propofol/fentanyl and propofol/dexmedetomidine combinations at mentioned dose regimen were effective and well tolerated for children undergoing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. However, propofol/dexmedetomidine combination was accompanied with less propofol consumption, prolonged analgesia and lower incidence of intraprocedural and postprocedural complications.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Supplemental oxygen reduces serotonin levels in plasma and platelets during colorectal surgery and reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting.
it has been shown that supplemental oxygen reduces the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing colon surgery. Serotonin is a potent trigger of PONV. Theoretically, supplemental oxygen decreases gut ischaemia during surgery and in this way minimizes the release of serotonin. We investigated the release of serotonin during and after colorectal surgery with normal and supplemental oxygen administration. ⋯ an inspired oxygen fraction of 0.8 reduces serotonin levels significantly and decreases PONV significantly in patients undergoing colon surgery.