European journal of anaesthesiology
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Review Meta Analysis
Effects of melatonin premedication to prevent emergence agitation after general anaesthesia in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.
Emergence agitation is a common phenomenon in children recovering from general anaesthesia. An emergence agitation reaction increases the risk of injuring the surgical repair, the patient and the caregivers. ⋯ Compared with placebo, melatonin premedication may be effective in preventing emergence agitation in children (GRADE: low). This TSA suggests that further studies are required to confirm the results. Compared with midazolam, high-dose melatonin might have a significant effect in preventing emergence agitation (GRADE: very low). The study protocol was registered in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: UMIN000011841).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Preoxygenation by spontaneous breathing or noninvasive positive pressure ventilation with and without positive end-expiratory pressure: A randomised controlled trial.
In emergency situations requiring rapid airway control, shortening preoxygenate time is desirable. ⋯ Compared with spontaneous breathing, positive pressure ventilation with and without PEEP shortened preoxygenation time.