European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Dexmedetomidine added to an opioid-based analgesic regimen for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in highly susceptible patients: A prospective, randomised controlled trial.
Dexmedetomidine, an α2 adrenergic receptor agonist, has analgesic, sedative and sympatholytic properties, with a lack of respiratory depression. It is licensed only for intensive care sedation. ⋯ Adding dexmedetomidine to a fentanyl-based PCA drug mixture reduces the frequency and severity of acute postoperative nausea in highly susceptible patients.
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Observational Study
Postoperative nausea and vomiting: The role of the dopamine D2 receptor TaqIA polymorphism.
The risk of developing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), apart from conventional risk factors, probably includes a genetic background. ⋯ In a white cohort, the TaqIA A2 allele is significantly associated with a history of PONV, which may explain the increased incidence of PONV but has no further independent influence.
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Letter Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Measuring regional cerebral oxygen saturation during surgery in the prone position.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Aprepitant for antiemesis after laparoscopic gynaecological surgery: A randomised controlled trial.
Ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, and aprepitant, a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, block the emetic effect of serotonin and neurokinin, respectively. Aprepitant combined with ondansetron can be more effective for preventing emesis in patients at high risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). ⋯ Aprepitant 80 mg orally with ondansetron is effective in suppressing early PONV up to 24 h postoperatively and delays the time to first PONV in patients with fentanyl-based intravenous PCA after gynaecological laparoscopy. However, the combination prophylaxis with aprepitant and ondansetron failed to reach the predefined primary study outcome when compared with ondansetron alone.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Alizapride and ondansetron for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynaecological surgery: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled noninferiority study.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) can be prevented. Alizapride is an established antiemetic that may be effective in this role. ⋯ We found no evidence to support the noninferiority of alizapride 100 mg when compared with ondansetron 4 mg for the intraoperative prophylaxis of PONV. However, the lower than expected incidences of PONV reduced the power of this study to conclude noninferiority or confirm significant beneficial effects for either antiemetic for PON and POV during the PACU stay.