Der Unfallchirurg
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Isolated avulsions involving the tendon of the biceps femoris muscle are rare injuries. Injury patterns are similar to those of posterolateral knee injuries mostly due to hyperextension and external rotation. Functional loss is common regarding painful limited flexion of the knee. In the case described in this article there was complete avulsion of the biceps femoris tendon but low levels of pain and functional loss despite the proximity to the attachment.
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Soft tissue defects in the distal lower leg region are challenging to treat, especially in trauma cases. To achieve early closure of the defect, pediculated adipofascial or muscle flaps can be used as well as free flaps. The pediculated adipofascial suralis flap has a reliable blood supply and a broad radius so this flap can be used for almost every defect location on the distal lower leg except for defects larger than 10 × 10 cm. ⋯ The soleus flap can cover defects in the middle third and proximal distal third of the lower leg with its muscle. The donor site defect is occasionally associated with reduced calf functioning but is tolerated well most of the time. Because of these advantages, the pediculated adipofacial suralis flap and the soleus muscle flap can be used instead a microvascular free flap for the closure of defects in the distal lower leg region.
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The treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures by means of kyphoplasty is an accepted and safe procedure. ⋯ Using the example of two manufacturers and different system approaches, both of which can be charged as kyphoplasty, we try to point out the importance of selecting exact comparison parameters. In particular material and treatment costs are compared for both methods.