Der Unfallchirurg
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Review Comparative Study
[Recreational and competitive alpine skiing : Typical injury patterns and possibilities for prevention].
Alpine skiing is the most popular winter sport discipline in Germany and is performed by more than 4 million recreational sportsmen and ski racing athletes. Compared to other sports, however, the injury rate in alpine skiing is quite high. ⋯ In this review article, epidemiologic data and typical injury patterns in recreational alpine skiing and in competitive alpine ski racing are compared. In addition, the potentials of preventive methods in alpine skiing are presented and evaluated with a special focus on orthotic devices and protection wear as injury prevention equipment.
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For elite athletes with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, surgical management in the acute phase has become widespread practice. After performing a selective review of the literature using PubMed, these results were compared with our own experience. ⋯ The acute treatment of concomitant injuries may also improve outcome. Treatment in the acute phase, however, may be more demanding for the surgeon than surgery at a later point in time.
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The irritating effects of concrete (calcium oxide) on skin have long been known. The effect by long-term skin exposure is not only irritating but also erosive and alkali skin erosion may result due to colliquative skin necrosis. A complicated course may ensue potentially necessitating plastic reconstructive treatment due to the development of unstable scars and defects. Correct interpretation of the skin trauma and adequate treatment are mandatory for functional restitution.
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Isolated avulsions involving the tendon of the biceps femoris muscle are rare injuries. Injury patterns are similar to those of posterolateral knee injuries mostly due to hyperextension and external rotation. Functional loss is common regarding painful limited flexion of the knee. In the case described in this article there was complete avulsion of the biceps femoris tendon but low levels of pain and functional loss despite the proximity to the attachment.