Der Unfallchirurg
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Review Comparative Study
[Recreational and competitive alpine skiing : Typical injury patterns and possibilities for prevention].
Alpine skiing is the most popular winter sport discipline in Germany and is performed by more than 4 million recreational sportsmen and ski racing athletes. Compared to other sports, however, the injury rate in alpine skiing is quite high. ⋯ In this review article, epidemiologic data and typical injury patterns in recreational alpine skiing and in competitive alpine ski racing are compared. In addition, the potentials of preventive methods in alpine skiing are presented and evaluated with a special focus on orthotic devices and protection wear as injury prevention equipment.
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Review Comparative Study Observational Study
[Recreational or professional participants in Nordic skiing : Differences in injury patterns and severity of injuries.]
A total of 441 Nordic skiing injuries were observed and analysed for a period of two winter seasons. The data showed that athletes in squads (0.02/1000 days) or professional clubs (0.09/1000 days) have lower injury risks compared to those doing Nordic skiing in their leisure time (0.51/1000 days). Amongst recreational athletes, women (0.65/1000 days) sustain trauma more frequently than men (0.40/1000 days). ⋯ Furthermore the injured in this group are younger and have less severe injuries. Recreational athletes more often injure their lower limb and 20 % have injuries to the head and trunk. Those injured in this group are older and have a higher percentage of overweight people, are not well trained and have more severe or complex injuries compared to professionals.
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The irritating effects of concrete (calcium oxide) on skin have long been known. The effect by long-term skin exposure is not only irritating but also erosive and alkali skin erosion may result due to colliquative skin necrosis. A complicated course may ensue potentially necessitating plastic reconstructive treatment due to the development of unstable scars and defects. Correct interpretation of the skin trauma and adequate treatment are mandatory for functional restitution.
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The functional outcome of surgically treated dislocated fractures of the distal radius is limited and does not correlate with radiographic results. Additional carpal lesions are assumed to be the cause. This study has evaluated which carpal lesions are associated with dislocated fractures of the distal radius. ⋯ The results of the study confirm the hypothesis that every dislocated fracture of the distal radius is a combined carpal trauma associated with additional osseous and/or ligamental lesions.
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Isolated avulsions involving the tendon of the biceps femoris muscle are rare injuries. Injury patterns are similar to those of posterolateral knee injuries mostly due to hyperextension and external rotation. Functional loss is common regarding painful limited flexion of the knee. In the case described in this article there was complete avulsion of the biceps femoris tendon but low levels of pain and functional loss despite the proximity to the attachment.