Der Unfallchirurg
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Review Meta Analysis
[Outcome in traumatic brain injury : Considered from a neurological viewpoint].
There are many studies on the prognosis and mortality for the acute care of traumatic brain injury (TBI) during the first year. Prediction of the long-term outcome after TBI is more difficult, and can be ascribed to indistinct methods and the necessity of taking into account multiple influencing factors. ⋯ Environmental factors are most predictive of long-term TBI outcome. The awareness of the interaction of all these factors requires a individualized long-term rehabilitation.
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Long-term survival after severe trauma is rarely addressed in German trauma journals although knowledge of life expectancy and identification of factors contributing to increased mortality are important for lifetime care management, development of service models, and targeting health promotion and prevention interventions. As reliable data in Germany are lacking, we compiled data mainly from the USA and Australia to describe life expectancy, risk factors, and predictors of outcome in patients experiencing traumatic spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, and polytrauma. ⋯ Whereas improvements in medical care have led to a marked decline in short-term mortality, surprisingly long-term survival in severe trauma has not changed over the past 30 years. Therefore, there is need to intensify long-term trauma patient care and to find new strategies to limit primary damage.
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Due to an increase in sporting activities, the number of injuries of the immature knee is continuously increasing. These injuries necessitate a special approach regarding the particular anatomical situation with open growth plates. Three of the most commonly occurring injuries are rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament, patella dislocation and meniscus injuries. ⋯ Isolated injuries to the meniscus are rare and discoid meniscus is a special phenomenon occurring in infancy. Meniscus injuries should be treated with primary sutures rather than resection. A discoid meniscus should be resected with extreme caution and anatomically reconstructed.