The Clinical journal of pain
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Lidocaine-based topical anesthetic with disinfectant (LidoDin) versus EMLA for venipuncture: a randomized controlled trial.
To examine the efficacy and safety of a new topical anesthetic containing a disinfection ingredient (LidoDin cream) in reducing the pain associated with venipuncture by comparing it with the proven eutectic mixture of lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5% (EMLA cream). ⋯ This pilot study demonstrated that LidoDin and EMLA seem to be equally safe and effective topical anesthetics for venipuncture. Future studies are planned to determine, if LidoDin reduces the rate of local skin infection in patients treated with multiple daily subcutaneous injections of medications.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Transcranial DC stimulation coupled with TENS for the treatment of chronic pain: a preliminary study.
Based on evidence showing that electrical stimulation of the nervous system is an effective method to decrease chronic neurogenic pain, we aimed to investigate whether the combination of 2 methods of electrical stimulation-a method of peripheral stimulation [transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)] and a method of noninvasive brain stimulation [transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)]-induces greater pain reduction as compared with tDCS alone and sham stimulation. ⋯ The results of this pilot study suggest that the combination of TENS with tDCS has a superior effect compared with tDCS alone.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A comparison of migraine patients with and without allodynic symptoms.
Although the association of symptoms of allodynia with migraine have been reported, there is a paucity of studies on Asians. ⋯ Allodynic symptoms occurred in 57.1% patients with migraine. In allodynic patients with moderate-to-severe headache, rizatriptan resulted in greater pain relief compared with ibuprofen. These results need further confirmation in larger study.
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To investigate if hypersensitivity is present in elders with pain. Chronic headache was used as a model of chronic pain and mechanical and thermal pain thresholds were measured. ⋯ Central hyperexcitability does not seem to be a feature of elders with headache. This may be as a consequence of age-related changes in the sensory system but could also be related to the nature of the stimulus provided. Further research in this area is required to better understand pain processing in elders.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Effects of transdermal buprenorphine on patients-reported outcomes in cancer patients: results from the Cancer Pain Outcome Research (CPOR) Study Group.
Pain still afflicts most cancer patients, mainly in the metastatic phases, and under-treatment is well documented. Transdermal delivery systems (TDS) containing fentanyl or buprenorphine could potentiality have advantages over oral and parenteral routes, but evidence from comparative trials are scanty. In the framework of a wider initiative, an Outcome Research Study was carried out in Italy in 2006 to evaluate the effects of various analgesic options, particularly buprenorphine TDS. ⋯ Despite the limitations owing to the observational design, these findings may be useful to clinicians to judge the value of the drug under evaluation better and to help researchers design further comparative studies.