The Clinical journal of pain
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Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is the leading cause of disability, with a significant societal cost. It disproportionately affects non-Hispanic blacks and individuals of lower socioeconomic status. The biopsychosocial framework has been used to study and manage cLBP, yet disparities persist. ⋯ Higher perceived social status is associated with less severe depressive symptoms, which in turn is associated with less pain severity and less pain interference for whites but not for blacks with cLBP.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the association between presence of chronic pain and school functioning among school-aged children (6 to 17 y) using the most recent United States national data. ⋯ This study extends evidence linking chronic pain status to poorer school functioning in a large, national sample. Poor school functioning is a pressing public concern affecting children with chronic pain. Health care providers, educators, policymakers, and families should work together to ensure that needs are met for this vulnerable population.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Effects of a Pain Psychology and Neuroscience Self-Evaluation Internet Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Many patients' chronic musculoskeletal pain is strongly influenced by central nervous system processes such as sensitization or amplification. Education about pain neuroscience can change patients' beliefs but has less consistent effects on pain outcomes. Patients may have greater clinical benefits if the educational intervention is personalized, and they evaluate various psychosocial risk factors with respect to their pain. We developed and tested a brief, internet-based Pain Psychology and Neuroscience (PPN) self-evaluation intervention. ⋯ A brief PPN self-evaluation intervention, presented on-line, can yield short-term improvements in musculoskeletal pain severity and interference, especially for people with spinal/localized pain rather than FM, perhaps because the psychology/neuroscience perspective is more novel for such patients.
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This study examined the cross-sectional associations among pain intensity, pain catastrophizing, and sleep disturbance among patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) for opioid use disorder (OUD) and reporting co-occurring chronic pain. ⋯ Altogether, findings suggest that the sleep disturbance to pain catastrophizing to pain intensity pathway may be a key mechanistic pathway exacerbating pain issues among MMT patients with OUD and chronic pain. These results suggest that interventions targeting sleep disturbance may be warranted among MMT patients with OUD and chronic pain. Future work in this area with longitudinal data is warranted.
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The objective of this study was to provide an overview of opioid-induced constipation (OIC) and its influence on disease burden and quality of life (QOL). ⋯ OIC has both physical and psychological impacts on patients. PAMORAs provide effective relief of OIC while also improving QOL. To augment the pharmacologic management of OIC, proactive counseling approaches between physicians and patients may help relieve some of the patient burden associated with OIC and lead to improved outcomes.