Pediatric emergency care
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Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2018
Review Case ReportsAcute Exertional Compartment Syndrome in Young Athletes: A Descriptive Case Series and Review of the Literature.
Acute exertional compartment syndrome (AECS) is a rare presentation of acute compartment syndrome (ACS) after exertion without injury. Unfamiliarity with this entity can lead to delay in diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to increase awareness of AECS and illustrate the morbidities associated with delayed diagnosis. ⋯ Despite the rarity of AECS, orthopedists as well as primary care, emergency medicine, and sports medicine physicians should maintain a high index of suspicion when examining a patient with leg pain out of proportion to examination after exertion. Delay in diagnosis of AECS is associated with substantial muscle necrosis and morbidity.
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Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2018
Review Case ReportsPrimary Omental Torsion in a Pediatric Patient: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Primary omental torsion is a rare cause of acute abdominal pain with a clinical presentation resembling acute appendicitis. Here, we report the case of a 7-year-old child presenting with right lower quadrant pain. Primary omental torsion was discovered upon laparoscopy, and the torsed omentum was excised without postoperative complications. Potential causes, contributing factors, diagnosis, and treatment are discussed.
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Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2018
Review Case ReportsInterventricular Septal Pseudoaneurysm After Blunt Chest Trauma in a 6 Year Old: An Illustrative Case and Review.
Motor vehicle accident is the most common cause of blunt cardiac injury (BCI) in children (85.3%) due to the height of the child in relation to proper restraints and the compliant pediatric rib cage (J Trauma. 1996;40:200-202). Trauma to the chest wall may lead to injury of the myocardium, resulting in myocardial contusion, ventricular septal defect (VSD), ventricular free wall rupture, or valve compromise (J Trauma. 1996;40; 200-202; Heart Lung. 2012;41:200-202; J Inj Violence Res. 2012;4:98-100). There are several proposed mechanisms for the formation of VSD after blunt chest trauma including rupture of ischemic myocardium related to the initial trauma and reopening of a spontaneously closed congenital VSD. ⋯ At the time of resuscitation, an emergent transthoracic echocardiogram noted an interventricular pseudoaneurysm. She has been followed with serial transthoracic echocardiograms and has not required surgical intervention. We discuss the risk factors, prevalence, and diagnostic studies and recommended treatment options for structural heart disease after BCI.
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Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2018
Review Case ReportsUse of Point-of-Care Ultrasound to Guide Pediatric Gastrostomy Tube Replacement in the Emergency Department.
The presentation of a pediatric patient to the emergency department for a malfunctioning or dislodged gastrostomy tube (G-tube) is not uncommon. As such, these tubes are often replaced at the bedside. ⋯ However, point-of-care ultrasound may be an alternative method to guide and confirm pediatric G-tube replacement in the emergency department. We report a series of cases on this novel point-of-care ultrasound application.