Pediatric pulmonology
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Pediatric pulmonology · Sep 2020
Patients eligible for modulator drugs: Data from cystic fibrosis registry of Turkey.
A better understanding of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator biology has led to the development of modulator drugs such as ivacaftor, lumacaftor-ivacaftor, tezacaftor-ivacaftor, and elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor. This cross-sectional study evaluated cystic fibrosis (CF) patients eligible for modulator drugs. ⋯ The present study shows that approximately one-fourth of the registered CF patients in Turkey are eligible for modulator drugs. As, frequent mutations that CF patients have in Turkey are different from North American and European CF patients, developing modulator drugs effective for those mutations is necessary. Furthermore, as modulator drugs are very expensive currently, financial support of the government in developing countries like Turkey is noteworthy.
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Pediatric pulmonology · Sep 2020
Multicenter StudyClinical characteristics of acute respiratory syndrome with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children in South China.
A retrospective study was conducted to summarize the clinical information of childhood infections during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic. ⋯ Children with SARS-CoV-2 infection had a mild fever, lymphocyte elevation was more common than reduction, and antiviral treatment had no obvious effect. The overall clinical manifestations were mild, and the prognosis was good.
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Pediatric pulmonology · Aug 2020
Accuracy of volume and pressure delivery by mechanical ventilators in use in neonatal intensive care units: A quality control study.
Despite technical specifications of neonatal mechanical ventilators (MVs) guarantee clinically irrelevant discrepancies between the set and the delivered values of ventilation parameters, previous studies reported large deviations. Most studies characterized performances of a given model/brand by studying a single device, disregarding possible intramodel differences, and leaving the accuracy of the ventilation parameters effectively delivered in clinical settings unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the real-life accuracy of pressure and volume parameters delivered by neonatal ventilators ready to be used on patients in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). ⋯ Our findings suggest that loss of accuracy in ventilation variables is likely related to daily use of the devices rather than weakness in the design or manufacturing process, urging the improvement of maintenance and quality control procedures to preserve the performances of neonatal MVs during their entire lifespan.
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Pediatric pulmonology · Jul 2020
Case ReportsImpaired lung function following e-cigarette or vaping product use associated lung injury in the first cohort of hospitalized adolescents.
Beginning June 2019, Children's Wisconsin was the first hospital to identify a cohort of adolescent patients hospitalized with symptoms likely associated with e-cigarette use. Our report adds to the growing literature describing the radiographic, gross and cytopathologic bronchoscopic findings, and short-term lung function outcomes in this cohort of adolescents with e-cigarette or vaping product use associated lung injury (EVALI). ⋯ We report short-term outcomes of the first cohort of adolescent patients hospitalized with EVALI. An association is observed between clinical improvement and treatment with systemic corticosteroids. However, residual airway reactivity or diffusion abnormalities persisted when patients were re-evaluated in the short-term period (mean 4.5 weeks).
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Pediatric pulmonology · Jul 2020
Review Historical ArticleOverview: The history and pediatric perspectives of severe acute respiratory syndromes: Novel or just like SARS.
Many respiratory viral infections such as influenza and measles result in severe acute respiratory symptoms and epidemics. In the spring of 2003, an epidemic of coronavirus pneumonia spread from Guangzhou to Hong Kong and subsequently to the rest of the world. The WHO coined the acronym SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and subsequently the causative virus as SARS-CoV. ⋯ This overview aims to compare and contrast the similarities and differences of these three major episodes of coronavirus outbreak, and conclude that they are essentially the same viral respiratory syndromes caused by similar strains of coronavirus with different names. Coronaviruses have caused major epidemics and outbreaks worldwide in the last two decades. From an epidemiological perspective, they are remarkably similar in the mode of spread by droplets. Special focus is placed on the pediatric aspects, which carry less morbidity and mortality in all three entities.