Journal of general internal medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Observational Study
Association Between Statins and Cancer Incidence in Diabetes: a Cohort Study of Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
The antitumor effect of statins has been highlighted, but clinical study results remain inconclusive. While patients with diabetes are at high risk of cancer, it is uncertain whether statins are effective for cancer chemoprevention in this population. ⋯ Statin use was associated with a reduced incidence and mortality of cancer in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Substance Use Disorder Detection Rates Among Providers of General Medical Inpatients.
The prevalence of substance use disorders is higher among medical inpatients than in the general population, placing inpatient providers in a prime position to detect these patients and intervene. ⋯ Findings indicate patient characteristics, including gender, race, and addiction severity impact rates of provider detection. Instituting formal screening for all substances may increase provider detection and inform treatment decisions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of Outpatient Note Templates on Note Quality: NOTE (Notation Optimization through Template Engineering) Randomized Clinical Trial.
This is the first randomized controlled trial evaluating the impact of note template design on note quality using a simulated patient encounter and a validated assessment tool. ⋯ Residents rated the new note template more visually appealing, shorter, and less cluttered. Faculty reviewers rated both note types equivalent in the overall quality but rated new notes inferior in terms of accuracy and usefulness though better organized. This study demonstrates a novel method of a simulated clinical encounter to evaluate note templates before the introduction into practice.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Project ACTIVE: a Randomized Controlled Trial of Personalized and Patient-Centered Preventive Care in an Urban Safety-Net Setting.
Evidence-based preventive care in the USA is underutilized, diminishing population health and worsening health disparities. We developed Project ACTIVE, a program to improve adherence with preventive care goals through personalized and patient-centered care. ⋯ NCT04211883.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Specific Disease Knowledge as Predictor of Susceptibility to Availability Bias in Diagnostic Reasoning: a Randomized Controlled Experiment.
Bias in reasoning rather than knowledge gaps has been identified as the origin of most diagnostic errors. However, the role of knowledge in counteracting bias is unclear. ⋯ Knowledge of features that discriminate between look-alike diseases reduced susceptibility to bias in a simulated setting. Reflecting further may be required to overcome bias, but succeeding depends on having the appropriate knowledge. Future research should examine whether the findings apply to real practice and to more experienced physicians.