Journal of general internal medicine
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Health and health services research institutions seek to increase diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) to overcome structural bias. The objective of this review is to identify, characterize, and evaluate programs aimed to strengthen DEI in the health and health services research workforces. We conducted a systematic scoping review of literature of 2012-2022 North American peer-reviewed empirical studies in PubMed and Embase using the Arksey and O'Malley approach. ⋯ Relatively few programs collected long-term outcomes on workforce pathway outcomes including hiring, promotion, and retention. This systematic scoping review outlined prevalent practices to advance DEI in the health and health services research field. As DEI programs proliferate, more work is needed by research universities, institutes, and funders to realign institutional culture and structures, expand resources, advance measurement, and increase opportunities for underrepresented groups at every career stage.
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Women are the fastest growing veteran group in the US and the number of women veterans (WVs) with cancer is rising; however, little is known about this population. Cancer care for WVs is complex and it is essential to understand their unique needs and care coordination challenges to provide evidence-based care. The purpose of this review is to map the quantity, distribution, and characteristics of literature describing cancer and its treatment among WVs. ⋯ Existing literature provides an inadequate understanding of the population of WVs with cancer. There is scant information regarding the population of WVs with cancer, their care preferences or experiences, or how to best identify and address unmet healthcare needs. It is imperative to expand research to provide evidence-based care for this population.
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Women are the fastest growing veteran group in the US and the number of women veterans (WVs) with cancer is rising; however, little is known about this population. Cancer care for WVs is complex and it is essential to understand their unique needs and care coordination challenges to provide evidence-based care. The purpose of this review is to map the quantity, distribution, and characteristics of literature describing cancer and its treatment among WVs. ⋯ Existing literature provides an inadequate understanding of the population of WVs with cancer. There is scant information regarding the population of WVs with cancer, their care preferences or experiences, or how to best identify and address unmet healthcare needs. It is imperative to expand research to provide evidence-based care for this population.
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The American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes published a 2022 consensus report recommending changes in diabetes care. This Perspective raises three concerns: with how the report summarizes evidence, how it frames the social determinants of health (SDOH), and with its transnational composition and conflicts of interest. The Perspective analyzes three new clinical recommendations that change the role of metformin from first-line therapy to a first-line option, for the inclusion of weight management as a co-primary treatment goal with glycemic control for patients without cardiac or renal complications, and for addition of the SDOH as a universal component of diabetes care together with lifestyle changes and self-management support. ⋯ The composition of the panel's membership poorly represents and accounts for the challenges faced by vulnerable US communities or safety net providers. The report is placed in a historical context for diabetes of organized medicine's failures to overcome prejudices and promote health equity. The Perspective concludes that the report perpetuates a pattern of prejudice within organized medicine at the expense of scientific precision and health equity.