The Laryngoscope
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Comparative Study
Risk of superficial squamous cell carcinoma developing in the head and neck region in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Multicentric squamous dysplasia in the esophagus can be visualized by Lugol chromoendoscopy as multiple Lugol-voiding lesions (LVLs). Narrow-band imaging combined with magnifying endoscopy (NBI-ME) facilitates the detection of superficial squamous cell carcinoma within the head and neck region (HNSCC). We investigated risk factors for superficial HNSCC in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). ⋯ Patients with ESCC, particularly drinkers, current smokers, and those with the ALDH2-2 allele and multiple LVLs, have an increased risk of superficial HNSCC.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Postoperative hemorrhage following adenoidectomy.
To examine postoperative hemorrhage following adenoidectomy. ⋯ Adenoidectomy appears to be primarily a procedure performed in childhood. The rate of R1 hemorrhage following adenoidectomy is one in 200 (0.5%) and is similar to the R1 hemorrhage rate for tonsillectomy. R2 hemorrhage following an adenoidectomy appears to be extremely rare. In children, the risk of a serious primary hemorrhage following an adenotonsillectomy is double that of either procedure when performed alone.
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Comparative Study
Nasoseptal flap repair after endoscopic transsellar versus expanded endonasal approaches: is there an increased risk of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak?
The development of expanded endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) has allowed resection of cranial-base lesions beyond the sella. One major criticism is an increased risk of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage because of the larger skull base defect. We evaluated our experience with vascularized pedicled nasoseptal flap (PNSF) reconstruction and compared the postoperative CSF leak rates between patients undergoing endoscopic transsphenoidal (transsellar) approaches versus expanded EEA (transplanum-transtuberculum, transcribriform, transclival). ⋯ Based on our data, there is no significant increased risk of postoperative CSF leak between transsellar and expanded EEA defects when a PNSF is used. The potential risk of postoperative CSF leaks associated with larger defects created through expanded EEA can be minimized by multilayered closure with a PNSF and meticulous surgical technique.
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Comparative Study
Effect of cisplatin on distortion product otoacoustic emissions in Japanese patients.
Although it is well known that cisplatin is associated with ototoxicity, there is still a lack of knowledge concerning the ototoxicity of cisplatin, especially in Japanese head and neck cancer patients. The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence rate of cisplatin ototoxicity and to determine the threshold dose causing ototoxicity in the Japanese population. ⋯ Our data suggest that Japanese patients are more susceptible to cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. This is presumably caused by a genetic difference.
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To review airway management in Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) newborns undergoing general anesthesia and to determine if endotracheal intubation is safe in this population. ⋯ This series demonstrates that endotracheal intubation is safe and effective in PRS newborns. In patients who failed intubation with direct laryngoscopy, intubation over a flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope provided a reliable alternative method. Although airway management in PRS newborns poses a significant challenge, experienced otolaryngologists and anesthesiologists can successfully manage these difficult airway cases.