Current medical research and opinion
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To determine the prevalence of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in adult patients with diabetes mellitus (type 1 and 2) attending outpatient clinics in Saudi Arabia and to determine the demographic profile and pharmaceutical management of these patients. ⋯ In patients with reduced pain intensity DN4 has not been directly compared with other tools to measure neuropathic pain; however, using the DN4 in this study 65.3% of adult outpatients with type 1 and 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia were found to have painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy; far higher than anticipated.
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Review Comparative Study
Iron supplementation in the non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (ND-CKD) patient: oral or intravenous?
The management of iron-deficiency anaemia in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (ND-CKD) remains controversial, particularly regarding the use of oral versus intravenous iron supplementation. ⋯ Intravenous iron offers an effective, feasible route towards reducing the heavy burden of iron-deficiency anaemia in the non-dialysis CKD patient, even in the absence of ESA therapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Short- and long-term efficacy and safety of duloxetine in women with predominant stress urinary incontinence.
To evaluate short- and long-term safety and efficacy of duloxetine in women with predominant stress urinary incontinence (SUI). ⋯ Duloxetine seems to be an efficacious treatment with an acceptable safety profile for women with SUI. Achieved improvement is maintained over the longer term in those women who remain on therapy.
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Hospital admissions (inpatient and emergency room) are a major source of medical costs for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) initially treated in the outpatient setting. Current CAP treatment guidelines do not differentiate between outpatient treatment with levofloxacin and moxifloxacin. ⋯ CAP outpatients initiated with levofloxacin generated substantially lower costs to payers compared to matched patients initiated with moxifloxacin. The cost savings for patients initiated with levofloxacin were largely attributable to reduced rates of pneumonia-related hospitalization or ER visits.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Safety and pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous ceftriaxone administered with or without recombinant human hyaluronidase (rHuPH20) versus intravenous ceftriaxone administration in adult volunteers.
To compare pharmacokinetics and safety of recombinant human hyaluronidase (rHuPH20)-facilitated subcutaneous (SC) ceftriaxone administration versus SC ceftriaxone preceded by SC saline placebo or intravenous (IV) ceftriaxone administration. ⋯ Ceftriaxone AUC did not differ significantly between the three administration routes. C(max) was higher and t(max) shorter with rHuPH20-facilitated SC than SC preceded by placebo. rHuPH20-facilitated SC ceftriaxone was generally well tolerated. This study is limited by evaluation of healthy adults and absence of repeated-dose groups.