Current medical research and opinion
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Intraocular pressure decrease with preservative-free fixed and unfixed combination of tafluprost and timolol in pseudoexfoliative glaucoma.
We investigated the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering efficacy of preservative-free fixed and non-fixed combination of tafluprost 0.0015% and timolol 0.5% in pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (XFG). A per protocol worse eye analysis was made on all XFG patients who participated in a recent 6 month, prospective, randomized, double-masked, parallel group, multicenter phase III study. The mean time-wise IOP decreased by 8.62 to 10.25 mmHg (31.8 to 36.7%) in the fixed dose combination arm (15 patients) and by 5.38 to 11.35 mmHg (21.3 to 41.2%) in the non-fixed combination arm (13 patients), respectively (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). The results show that a preservative-free fixed dose combination of tafluprost and timolol provides a clinically significant IOP reduction in XFG, and may offer an advantage for the XFG patients with dry eye, due to its preservative-free nature.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Retrograde versus antegrade intramedullary nailing for femoral fractures: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
To conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing the effect on clinical outcomes of intramedullary nailing for femoral fractures via a retrograde or antegrade approach. ⋯ Both retrograde and antegrade intramedullary nailing produced high union rates. We found no significant difference in union rate between the retrograde nailing group and the antegrade nailing group for femoral fractures (RR 1.02, 95% CI: 0.94-1.11, p = 0.59, I (2 )= 0%).
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To estimate overall rates of adherence, persistence, and discontinuation for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prescribed oral antihyperglycemic agents (OAHAs) by combining results of published studies. ⋯ The results of the analysis demonstrate that medication adherence, persistence, and discontinuation rates are suboptimal in patients with T2DM prescribed OAHAs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The efficacy and safety of canagliflozin across racial groups in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, enhances urinary glucose excretion through an insulin-independent mode of action, and improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study assessed the efficacy and safety of canagliflozin across racial groups. ⋯ Canagliflozin was generally well tolerated and consistently associated with reductions in HbA1c, BW, and SBP in patients with T2DM independent of racial background. (ClinicalTrials.gov numbers: NCT01081834; NCT01106677; NCT01106625; NCT01106690; and NCT01032629.).
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Recent growing evidence suggests that beta-blocker treatment could improve cardiovascular dynamics and possibly the outcome of patients admitted to intensive care with severe sepsis or septic shock. ⋯ Whilst there is not enough prospective data to conduct a meta-analysis, the available clinical data are promising. We discuss the ability of beta blockade to modulate sepsis-induced alterations at cardiovascular, metabolic, immunologic and coagulation levels.