Current medical research and opinion
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This study sought to: (1) construct and validate a composite potential opioid misuse score; and (2) compare potential opioid misuse among individuals prescribed long-term therapy on tramadol, short-acting hydrocodone or short-acting oxycodone. ⋯ A composite measure of potential opioid misuse had modest levels of discrimination in detecting overdose. In comparison to long-term hydrocodone therapy, long-term oxycodone had higher and tramadol had lower risk of potential opioid misuse.
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This study aimed to examine the factors that may influence physicians' choice of antidiabetic agents. In addition, we investigated physicians' decision-making process and treatment of T2DM patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Finally, we wanted to determine whether physicians knew the latest recommendations for T2DM treatment. ⋯ This study provides a better understanding of the influential factors, treatment choices, and reasoning related to physicians' prescribing of antidiabetic agents in Taiwan. In addition, knowledge gaps in various physician groups were identified.
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Recent studies demonstrate the association of the gut microbiome in regulating interactions between the central nervous system and intestinal function. Individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been shown to have unique gut microbial signature, with depletion of beneficial commensal microbes. Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) restores the imbalanced gut microbiome and may replete missing microbes to increase production of hormones and neurotransmitters regulating human behavior and cognition. ⋯ Our case report provides preliminary evidence regarding the use of FMT in a patient with C. difficile and ADHD. We speculate that gut microbiome modulation, in particular the gain or loss of specific microbial species and pathways involving the metabolism of SCFAs, tryptophan and GABA, may merit further exploration as a potential therapeutic strategy for ADHD.
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To report on the use of antihyperglycemic agents (AHAs) by age (i.e. <65, ≥65 years) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cardiovascular risk (CV risk) factors in the United States. ⋯ The use of GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors increased during the study period; however, most patients did not receive these medications. Patients aged ≥65 years were particularly disadvantaged.