Current medical research and opinion
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The value of patient involvement to the design, conduct, and outcomes of healthcare research is increasingly being recognized. Patient involvement also provides greater patient accessibility and contribution to research. However, the use of inaccessible and technical language when communicating with patients is a barrier to effective patient involvement. ⋯ The use of inclusive, empathetic, and clear language can encourage patients to be involved in research and, once they are involved, make them feel like equal, empowered, and valued partners. Working toward developing processes and guidelines for the use of language that enables an equal partnership between researchers and patients is critical.
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Influenza is associated with significant disease burden in the US and is currently best controlled by vaccination programs. Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) is low and may be reduced by several factors, including egg adaptations. Although non-egg-based influenza vaccines reportedly have greater VE in egg-adapted seasons, evidence for egg adaptations' reduction of VE is indirect and dissociated, apart from two previous European consensuses. ⋯ After review of extensive evidence for reduction of VE due to egg-based influenza vaccine manufacture, influenza experts in the US joined those in Europe in unanimous agreement for a mechanistic basis for the effect. Vaccine providers and administrators should consider use of non-egg-based influenza vaccine manufacture to reduce the risk of egg adaptations and likely impact on VE.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Analgesic onset and efficacy of a fast-acting formulation of acetaminophen in a postoperative dental impaction pain model.
Speed of onset can be critical to an analgesic's efficacy treating acute pain. To enhance onset, a new oral acetaminophen formulation intended to be fast acting was developed. Two studies evaluated the analgesic onset, efficacy, and safety of this fast-acting acetaminophen (FA-acetaminophen) tablet relative to commercial acetaminophen caplets (ES-acetaminophen) and commercial ibuprofen liquid-filled gelatin capsules (LG-ibuprofen). ⋯ Study 1: NCT02735122; Study 2: NCT03224403.
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Multicenter Study
Effect of preoperative moderate-dose statin and duration on acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort study.
The impact of preoperative statin use on postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is uncertain. We aimed to examine the association of statin therapy before cardiac surgery with postoperative AKI. ⋯ Preoperative moderate-dose statin was significantly related to a decreased risk of postoperative AKI, especially in patients who received statins for a longer duration. Further large-scale multicenter randomized controlled trials are needed to ascertain the impact of statin dose, duration, and timing on postoperative AKI in cardiac surgery patients.
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The substantial burden of low back pain on patients and healthcare systems is exacerbated by unclear pathology and ineffective diagnostic methods, hindering effective management. The painDETECT questionnaire (PD-Q) has been used to facilitate the evaluation and categorization of low back pain. While preliminary validation and translations of the paper-based format of PD-Q into languages such as Spanish and Dutch have been accomplished, the underlying factor model inherent to the electronic format of the PD-Q remains to be established. ⋯ This study confirms the reliability and two-factor structure of the electronic PD-Q for neuropathic pain assessment in low back pain patients. To enhance comprehension of the clinical applicability of the electronic format PD-Q, future research should conduct clinimetric evaluations.