Current medical research and opinion
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To achieve the therapeutic effects, antibiotics must penetrate rapidly into infection sites and bind to targets. This study reviewed updated knowledge on the ability of antibiotics to penetrate into the lung, their physicochemical properties influencing the pulmonary penetration and their ability to bind to targets on pneumococci. ⋯ Data on antibiotic penetration into the lung in LRTI patients and binding affinity of antibiotics for pneumococcal targets are still limited. Further studies are required to clarify the associations of the lung penetration and target binding ability of antibitotics with therapeutic efficacy to help propose the right antibiotics for LRTI.
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Review Meta Analysis
The evidence from clinical trials on colchicine and corticosteroids' effect on COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
With no clear end for the outbreak, identifying the drugs that are effective in COVID-19's management is of utmost importance to reduce the impact on the general population and the healthcare systems. ⋯ The use of colchicine did not significantly reduce the mortality rate, ICU admissions, and mechanical ventilation among COVID-19 patients. Conversely, corticosteroids significantly reduced the mortality rate, ICU admissions, mechanical ventilation, and hospitalization duration among COVID-19 patients.
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Review Meta Analysis
The evidence from clinical trials on colchicine and corticosteroids' effect on COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
With no clear end for the outbreak, identifying the drugs that are effective in COVID-19's management is of utmost importance to reduce the impact on the general population and the healthcare systems. ⋯ The use of colchicine did not significantly reduce the mortality rate, ICU admissions, and mechanical ventilation among COVID-19 patients. Conversely, corticosteroids significantly reduced the mortality rate, ICU admissions, mechanical ventilation, and hospitalization duration among COVID-19 patients.
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The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV2 has raised several important health concerns, not least increased mortality and morbidity. SARS-CoV2 can infect the central nervous system via hematogenous or transneuronal routes, acting through different receptors including ACE2, DPP4, and neuropilin 1 and cause several issues, including the focus here, cerebellitis. The cerebellum is an essential part of the CNS located adjacent to the brainstem with a complex micro and macroscopic structure. ⋯ SARS-CoV2 infection of the cerebellum can be seen to be assessed through many methods such as MRI, PET, CT, postmortem studies, and histological findings. These methodological studies have demonstrated that cerebellar infection with COVID-19 can bring about several sequelae: thrombosis, microbleed, hemorrhage, stroke, autoantibody production, ataxia, and widespread inflammation in the cerebellum. Such central effects are likely to exacerbate the known multiorgan effects of SARS-CoV2 and should also be considered as part of disease prognosis.
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Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are an emergent aetiology of infective endocarditis (IE) on native valves in previously healthy individuals, its presence is associated with prosthetic valves or with other cardiac implants. The identification of CoNS in cultures was customarily seen as contamination, but more recent epidemiological studies have revealed an increasing number of causative and virulent new CoNS species. ⋯ Despite the lack of sensitive and specific tools to correctly differentiate contamination from infection in CoNS endocarditis, a comprehensive evaluation with clinical and paraclinical data accurately succeeds in establishing the diagnosis. The genetic profile of CoNS predisposes to antibiotic multi-resistance, making the treatment of IE challenging; the rapid identification of antibiotic susceptibility is essential to prescribe the appropriate therapy and improve outcomes.