Current medical research and opinion
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Retrograde versus antegrade intramedullary nailing for femoral fractures: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
To conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing the effect on clinical outcomes of intramedullary nailing for femoral fractures via a retrograde or antegrade approach. ⋯ Both retrograde and antegrade intramedullary nailing produced high union rates. We found no significant difference in union rate between the retrograde nailing group and the antegrade nailing group for femoral fractures (RR 1.02, 95% CI: 0.94-1.11, p = 0.59, I (2 )= 0%).
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To provide an overview of the drug profile of the orally active, selective endothelin A receptor antagonist ambrisentan, and its efficacy and safety in the treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). ⋯ The long-term efficacy and safety profile of ambrisentan in patients with PAH is supported by data from a comprehensive clinical trial program and real-life, post-marketing observations.
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To estimate overall rates of adherence, persistence, and discontinuation for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prescribed oral antihyperglycemic agents (OAHAs) by combining results of published studies. ⋯ The results of the analysis demonstrate that medication adherence, persistence, and discontinuation rates are suboptimal in patients with T2DM prescribed OAHAs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The efficacy and safety of canagliflozin across racial groups in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, enhances urinary glucose excretion through an insulin-independent mode of action, and improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study assessed the efficacy and safety of canagliflozin across racial groups. ⋯ Canagliflozin was generally well tolerated and consistently associated with reductions in HbA1c, BW, and SBP in patients with T2DM independent of racial background. (ClinicalTrials.gov numbers: NCT01081834; NCT01106677; NCT01106625; NCT01106690; and NCT01032629.).
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With evolving diagnostic criteria and the advent of new oral and parenteral therapies for MS, most current diagnostic and treatment algorithms need re-evaluation and updating. The diagnosis of MS relies on incorporating clinical and paraclinical findings to prove dissemination in space and in time, and exclude alternative diseases that can explain the findings at hand. ⋯ The current guidelines review the scientific evidence supporting treatment of acute relapses, radiologically isolated syndrome, clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing remitting MS, secondary progressive MS, and primary progressive MS. The purpose of these guidelines is to provide practical recommendations and algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of MS based on current scientific evidence and clinical experience.