Current medical research and opinion
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Multicenter Study
Mapping author taxonomies and author criteria: good practices for thinking through complex authorship situations.
Authorship criteria can be difficult to apply in complex situations, such as multicenter clinical trials, multidisciplinary research, or manuscripts reporting the results of several studies. Authors may need additional guidance to appropriately credit their colleagues even when using existing accepted author criteria and/or contributor taxonomies to guide their decisions. Definitions and explanations of authorship by various editorial groups such as International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, the Committee on Publication Ethics, the World Association of Medical Editors, and the Council of Science Editors emphasize intellectual input and accountability. ⋯ The literature was searched for existing guidelines for authors that suggest how to apply accepted authorship criteria to activities listed in contributor taxonomies. No publication was identified that mapped specific authorship criteria to particular contributor taxonomies. Suggestions were developed to assist in differentiating activities that meet author criteria from other contributions outlined in two existing contributor taxonomies.
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Multicenter Study
Effects of pericapsular soft tissue and realignment exercises for patients with osteoarthritis of the hip and Harris Hip Score below 60 points.
To investigate the effectiveness of pericapsular soft tissue and realignment (PSTR) exercises for patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip and Harris Hip Score (HHS) below 60 points. Most previous studies of hip exercise have not been applied for patients with moderate to severe hip OA, especially those with an HHS below 60 points. Most studies of hip exercise in OA have involved muscle strength training, stretching, functional training and aerobic fitness programs, and have not included pelvic realignment exercise. We investigated the effect of pelvic realignment exercise for patients with hip OA and HHS below 60 points. ⋯ 20 July 2017 (UMIN000028277).
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Multicenter Study
Expanded evidence that the 31-gene expression profile test provides clinical utility for melanoma management in a multicenter study.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for cutaneous melanoma (CM) recommend physicians consider increased surveillance for patients who typically have lower melanoma survival rates (stages IIB-IV as determined by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), 8th edition). However, up to 15% of patients identified as having a low recurrence risk (stages I-IIA) experience disease recurrence, and some patients identified as having a high recurrence risk will not experience any recurrence. The 31-gene expression profile test (31-GEP) stratifies patient recurrence risk into low (Class 1) and high (Class 2) and has demonstrated risk-appropriate impact on disease management and clinical decisions. ⋯ The 31-GEP can stratify patient recurrence risk in patients with CM, and clinicians understand and apply the prognostic ability of the 31-GEP test to alter patient management in risk-appropriate directions.
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Multicenter Study
Characteristics and clinical outcomes of Japanese patients with venous thromboembolism receiving under-dose rivaroxaban: subanalysis of J'xactly.
Rivaroxaban is commonly prescribed to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE). Although lower than standard dosages (under-dosing) may be administered in the real-world setting, data on subsequent clinical outcomes in Japanese patients are lacking. ⋯ In the real-world setting, rivaroxaban under-dosing for patients with VTE occurred in those with lower body weight, slower pulse rate, distal DVT, or non-massive PEs. There were no statistically significant differences in the clinical outcomes for patients received under-dose of rivaroxaban at the discretion of the physicians in the clinical practice compared with those received standard dose of rivaroxaban.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Therapeutic lumbar puncture and lumbar drainage: which is more effective for the management of intracranial hypertension in HIV patients with cryptococcal meningitis? Results of a prospective non- randomized interventional study in China.
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic lumbar drainage (LD) compared to therapeutic lumbar puncture (LP) for the management of intracranial hypertension (ICH) among HIV-positive patients with cryptococcal meningitis (CM). ⋯ For HIV-positive CM patients with an elevated ICP, LD and LP are comparably effective and safe options to normalize ICP. LP increases the frequency of invasive lumbar therapeutic procedures but does not incur more risk of infection events at the puncture site, while LD may accelerate CSF Cryptococcus clearance but may induce more frequent localized infection.