Journal of interpersonal violence
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J Interpers Violence · May 2021
Organizational Readiness for Intimate Partner Violence Response among Supportive Housing Providers: A Capacity Assessment in Maryland.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) frequently leads to housing instability and homelessness among survivors. While the client populations of many housing support programs are likely to include IPV survivors who have unique safety needs, the organizational readiness of these housing providers to identify and support IPV survivors is not clear. This study assessed organizational readiness for IPV response among Rapid Re-Housing (RRH) and Transitional Housing (TH) providers in Maryland, whose client populations include women (n = 32). ⋯ Areas of low readiness included development and use of IPV response policies as well as staff training on IPV. This assessment documents concerning gaps in organizational readiness for IPV response among supportive housing providers, and pinpoints areas where training and capacity building can be most valuable. The process of improving readiness in the supportive housing sector must involve capacity building and a systems-level approach in order to ensure that all supportive housing providers are prepared to meet the needs of IPV survivors among their client population.
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J Interpers Violence · May 2021
From Exposure to Family Violence During Childhood to Depression in Adulthood: A Path Analysis on the Mediating Effects of Intimate Partner Violence.
Literature shows a link between adverse childhood experiences and subsequent depression, but there is a lack of concrete evidence on whether victimization of intimate partner violence (IPV) in adulthood plays significant roles in that link. This study aimed to test the mediating effect of adulthood IPV victimization in the associations between exposure to family violence in childhood and adulthood depression. Exposure to family violence in childhood was operationalized as one's experiences of child abuse and witnessing parental IPV in childhood. ⋯ As predicted, the path model suggests that IPV victimization significantly mediated the associations between exposure to family violence in childhood and adulthood depression. Violence approval and PTS symptoms, but not the other violence-related factors, significantly mediated the above associations. Findings warrant the need to identify individuals with exposure to family violence in early stages, and to provide them with suitable intervention programs to prevent subsequent IPV as well as to minimize the negative impacts of the exposure to family violence in childhood.
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J Interpers Violence · May 2021
Social Reactions to Sexual Assault Disclosure: The Role of Posttraumatic Cognitions.
Sexual assault can have a detrimental impact on women's mental, physical, sexual, and interpersonal health and well-being. After experiencing sexual assault, 74% to 88% of individuals disclose the assault to someone they trust. After such disclosures, individuals experience both perceived positive and negative reactions. ⋯ Positive social reactions were not significantly associated with outcome variables. Results highlight the influential nature of negative social reactions and posttraumatic cognitions. The importance of educating bystanders on the influence of social reactions is further discussed.
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J Interpers Violence · May 2021
Linking Abusive Supervision to Psychological Distress and Turnover Intentions Among Police Personnel: The Moderating Role of Continuance Commitment.
In this study, we examine the linkages between abusive supervision, psychological distress, and turnover intentions. In addition, we aim to investigate whether continuance commitment moderates the effects of abusive supervision and psychological distress on turnover intentions. The sample of the study comprised 250 police personnel from one of the largest cities of Pakistan. ⋯ Furthermore, continuance commitment attenuates the impacts of abusive supervision and psychological distress on turnover intentions. We contribute to the literature by demonstrating that sustained exposure to abusive supervision affects subordinates' turnover intentions directly as well as indirectly through psychological distress, and that the positive impacts of abusive supervision and associated psychological distress on turnover intentions are weaker among individuals who are high in continuance commitment compared with those who are low. A number of practical implications are also discussed.
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J Interpers Violence · May 2021
Coercive Control Between Intimate Partners: An Application to Nonfatal Strangulation.
Nonfatal strangulation between intimate partners represents an extreme controlling form of violent behavior, increasing the risk that intimate partner violence (IPV) becomes lethal. Guided by Dutton and Goodman's conceptualization of coercive control, the present research explored the relation between death threats and subsequent nonfatal strangulation to amplify the credibility of those threats, using a large sample of IPV perpetrators (n = 6,488). ⋯ Given the potential lethality of this violent behavior, the analysis also explored whether treatment service recommendations (family violence education, counseling, and mental health evaluation) mitigate these patterns. These preliminary findings support the further exploration of treatment and intervention efforts for reducing nonfatal strangulation.