Renal failure
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Hypocalcemia is very common in critically ill patients. While the effect of ionized calcium (iCa) on outcome is not well understood, manipulation of iCa in critically ill patients is a common practice. We analyzed all-cause mortality and several secondary outcomes in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) by categories of serum iCa among participants in the Acute Renal Failure Trial Network (ATN) Study. ⋯ Severe hypocalcemia with iCa<1 mmol/L independently predicted mortality in patients with AKI needing renal replacement therapy.