Renal failure
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The study investigated a number of biomarkers for the early diagnosis of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), which is an important cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). ⋯ In the first 24 h, s-cystatin-C, s-NGAL and especially u-NAG/creatinine ratio showed promise as biomarkers, but eGFR is not adequate for early diagnosis of CIN. Sequential measurement of biomarkers may contribute to more accurate diagnosis of AKI.
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The objective of the present study was to determine whether preischemic administration of syringic acid (SA) would attenuate renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Rats were divided into three groups: Sham group; IR group; and IR + SA group. The effects of SA were examined using biochemical parameters including serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA). ⋯ The total score significantly decreased after administration of SA. Taken together, our findings suggest that SA preconditioning is effective in reducing tissue damage induced in kidney IRI. Renal histology also showed convincing evidence regarding the protective nature of SA.
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Thrombocytopenia in the intensive care unit (ICU) is a commonly experienced complication; the pathology is not always easily understood. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) provides a method to dialyze unstable critically ill patients. We hypothesized that CRRT may precipitate a form of thrombocytopenia. In trials thrombocytopenia occurred at rates as high as 70%. The etiology remains unknown and results in additional diagnostic workup, as well as possible drug therapy. The extent, duration and temporal relation of thrombocytopenia remain to be determined. ⋯ CRRT appears to be associated with a drop in platelets within the first 5 days of therapy with an average decline of 48%. However, platelets appear to return to >150 × 10(3)/mm(3) after cessation of CRRT. This fluctuation should be considered in the setting of patients developing thrombocytopenia after initiation of CRRT.
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Oxidative renal injury is the mainstay in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and it may eventuate to chronic renal failure. In our study, we investigated the potential of α2-adrenoreceptor agonist Dexmedetomidine (Dex) in ameliorating SCI provoked oxidative renal assault. ⋯ Taken together, these results accentuate that Dex may be a beneficial clinical agent to combat post-SCI renal complications.
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Sleep disorders are common among the patients undergoing dialysis in end stage renal disease (ESRD). Although variable, their prevalence has been reported to be higher when compared to the general population. The most frequently reported complaints are insomnia, restless leg syndrome (RLS), sleep-disordered breathing and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). ⋯ There was inverse correlation between sleep disorders and Hb, albumin and creatinine clearance; also there was positive correlation between sleep disorder and phosphorus. We concluded that the sleep disorders are common in CKD patients either on conservative management or on regular hemodialysis. Treatment of anemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypoalbuminemia may improve sleep disorders among those patients.