Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthésie
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of ondansetron and prochlorperazine for the prevention of nausea and vomiting after tympanoplasty.
To evaluate the effects on PONV and headache after tympanoplasty of prochlorperazine 0.2 mg.kg-1 i.m., ondansetron 0.06 mg.kg-1 i.v. or placebo (isotonic saline) 0.02 ml.kg-1 i.v. given immediately after induction of anaesthesia prior to tracheal intubation. ⋯ Prophylactic prochlorperazine 0.2 mg.kg-1 i.m. and ondansetron 0.06 mg.kg-1 i.v. are similarly efficacious in reducing nausea with vomiting after tympanoplasty, while prochlorperazine 0.1 mg.kg-1 i.v. is less efficacious. Neither drug given as described appeared to reduce the frequency of postoperative nausea alone or vomiting alone.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of sevoflurane/fentanyl and isoflurane/fentanyl during elective coronary artery bypass surgery. Sevoflurane Venture Group.
Due to the progressive aging of the surgical population, the proportion of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is likely to increase. The effects of the new inhalational anaesthetic sevoflurane must be determined in patients with known CAD. ⋯ In patients undergoing elective CABG with low risk factors, either sevoflurane or isoflurane, combined with fentanyl, provided an acceptable preCPB haemodynamic profile and cardiac outcomes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Oral clonidine reduces postoperative PCA morphine requirements.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of perioperative oral clonidine on postoperative analgesia and PCA morphine requirements in adult patients after major orthopaedic knee surgery. ⋯ Oral clonidine is a useful component to postoperative balanced analgesia as it decreases PCA morphine requirements and decreases the incidence of nausea and vomiting.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Dorsal penile nerve block in children undergoing circumcision in a day-care surgery.
Circumcision is performed under general anaesthesia (GA) with dorsal penile nerve block (DPNB) as an analgesic technique for postoperative pain. The purpose of this study was to compare DPNB as the sole anaesthetic procedure vs GA and DPNB for circumcision in children as an outpatient procedure. ⋯ These data confirm that DPNB has advantages over GA + DPNB for paediatric circumcision in day-care surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Midazolam and awareness with recall during total intravenous anaesthesia.
A double-blind study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of graded doses of midazolam on propofol infusion requirements, recovery characteristics and the quality of recovery, associated with propofol/alfentanil/O2 total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA). ⋯ Midazolam 30-45 micrograms.kg-1 decreases the amount of propofol required for anaesthetic induction, without influencing recovery profiles or patient discharge times from the Day Care Unit. Despite careful modulation of the propofol infusion rate, six patients unexpectedly experienced intraoperative awareness with recall, with the lowest incidence occurring in those groups where patients had received midazolam.