Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthésie
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Water flow between the upper esophagus and pharynx for the LMA and COPA in fresh cadavers. Laryngeal mask airway, and cuffed oropharyngeal airway.
In this randomised, crossover cadaver study, we determine the esophageal pressure (EP) at which water flow occurs between the upper esophagus and pharynx for the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) and cuffed oropharyngeal airway (COPA). ⋯ In fresh cadavers, the LMA provides better airway protection from fluid in the upper esophagus than the COPA.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with tramadol or morphine.
To compared the clinical efficacy of tramadol and morphine using a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) delivery system. ⋯ Tramadol PCA can provide effective analgesia following major orthopedic surgery provided sufficiently high doses are given for loading and by patient demand. However, the incidence of nausea/vomiting is also higher causing decreased satisfaction.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Cost comparison of sevoflurane with isoflurane anesthesia in arthroscopic menisectomy surgery.
To determine the "real world" cost of sevoflurane compared with isoflurane in balanced general anesthesia for daycare arthroscopic menisectomy, we prospectively investigated perioperative drug requirement and expense as well as recovery time. ⋯ When used to maintain equipotent balanced general anesthesia for daycare arthroscopic menisectomy, volatile consumption and cost were greater for sevoflurane compared with isoflurane. Nonvolatile perioperative drug cost and recovery times were similar, however, in the two groups.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Topical amethocaine (Ametop) is superior to EMLA for intravenous cannulation. Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics.
A eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) is commonly used to provide topical anesthesia for intravenous (i.v.) cannulation. One of its side effects is vasoconstriction, which may render cannulation more difficult. A gel formulation of amethocaine (Ametop) is now commercially available. The aim of this study was to compare EMLA and Ametop with regard to the degree of topical anesthesia afforded, the incidence of vasoconstriction and the ease of i.v. cannulation. ⋯ Intravenous cannulation was less painful following application of Ametop than EMLA. In addition, Ametop caused less vasoconstriction and facilitated easier cannulation. Its use as a topical anesthetic agent is recommended, especially when i.v. access may be problematic.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Preoperative dextrose does not affect spinal-induced hypotension in elective Cesarean section.
To determine if preoperative intravenous dextrose affects the incidence and ease of treatment of spinal-induced hypotension in parturients having elective Cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. ⋯ The routine administration of dextrose 5% at a rate of 5.22 g x hr(-1) preoperatively does not affect the hypotension rate, or make it easier to treat.