Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthésie
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Patient anxiety scores after low-dose ketamine or fentanyl for epidural catheter placement.
To compare the effect of low-dose ketamine with that of low-dose fentanyl on patient anxiety during the identification of the epidural space and catheterization. ⋯ Ketamine, 5 mg iv, is as effective as 50 microg fentanyl, iv, in alleviating patient anxiety and in providing adequate sedation during the procedures necessary for epidural catheter placement, without inducing severe complications.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Tracheal intubation after induction of anesthesia in children with propofol--remifentanil or propofol-rocuronium.
To compare the intubating conditions after remifentanil-propofol with those after propofol-rocuronium combination with the aim of determining the optimal dose of remifentanil. ⋯ The best intubating conditions were produced by the combination of 4 microgxkg(-1) remifentanil and 3.5 mgxkg(-1) propofol. It provided excellent or good intubating conditions in all children without causing undue cardiovascular depression.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Optimal dose of intrathecal clonidine added to sufentanil plus bupivacaine for labour analgesia.
The combination of intrathecal (IT) 5 microg sufentanil plus 1.25 mg bupivacaine is useful for inducing labour analgesia, albeit of short duration and slow onset. As a supplementation to this regimen, the effect of IT clonidine on the duration of analgesic action was investigated. ⋯ The optimal dose of intrathecal clonidine to enhance labour analgesia with the current sufentanil-bupivacaine regimen is 15 microg. In view of the side effect profile, doses greater than 30 microg clonidine are unlikely to be useful.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Midazolam attenuates ketamine-induced abnormal perception and thought process but not mood changes.
To determine the effects of midazolam, 30 ngxmL(-1), on altered perception, mood, and cognition induced by ketamine. ⋯ Midazolam attenuates ketamine-induced changes in perception and thought process.
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Case Reports Clinical Trial
Elastomeric pumps for ambulatory patient controlled regional analgesia.
To report our experience with the use of the (Eclipse) elastomeric pump for ambulatory Patient Controlled Regional Analgesia (PCRA) METHOD: After a pilot study using this device in patients admitted to the hospital, seven patients received PCRA at home using the elastomeric pump. Patients with a variety of continuous regional anesthetic blocks were sent home with written and verbal instructions regarding the use of this device, boluses, side effects of local anesthetics and removal of block catheters. Patients were contacted daily to collect data with regards to the efficacy of the block, problems associated with the use of this device and their satisfaction with the method of analgesia. ⋯ PCRA offers excellent postoperative analgesia at home. Elastomeric pumps facilitate PCRA but are imprecise with drug delivery and may not be safe for epidural infusions. The safety of this device for peripheral nerve blocks should be evaluated further.