Critical care medicine
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Critical care medicine · Apr 1996
Comparative StudyNociceptive somatic nerve stimulation and skeletal muscle injury modify systemic hemodynamics and oxygen transport and utilization after resuscitation from hemorrhage.
To examine if either nociceptive somatic nerve stimulation or skeletal muscle injury modified systemic hemodynamics and oxygen transport and utilization after resuscitation from hemorrhage in anesthetized pigs. ⋯ Neither nociceptive brachial nerve stimulation nor skeletal muscle injury attenuated the increase in plasma volume, cardiac index, or the repayment of systemic oxygen debt after resuscitation from hemorrhage. Brachial nerve stimulation was associated with augmented cardiac index, systemic Do2, and increased Vo2 requirements related to increased sympathetic nervous system activation. Skeletal muscle injury produced early systemic arterial hypotension and vasodilation, and a decrease in Vo2 that was suggestive of pathologic supply dependency on systemic Do2.
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Critical care medicine · Apr 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialCapnography facilitates tight control of ventilation during transport.
We tested the hypothesis that Paco2 would be more tightly controlled if end-tidal CO2 monitoring was used during hand ventilation for transport of intubated patients. ⋯ These data do not support routine monitoring of end-tidal CO2 during short transport times in adult patients requiring mechanical ventilation. However, the monitor may prevent morbidity in patients requiring tight control of Paco2.
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To evaluate the training of clinical staff in the use of interhospital transfer guidelines and to examine the underlying decision-making behavior in organizing patient transfers between hospitals. ⋯ Clinical staff can make informed and appropriate decisions by using standardized guidelines when organizing interhospital transfers.
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Critical care medicine · Apr 1996
Meta AnalysisAdult respiratory distress syndrome: a systemic overview of incidence and risk factors.
To determine the published incidence of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as well as the clinical evidence supporting a casual association between ARDS and its major risk factors. ⋯ The significant variation in the incidence of ARDS is attributed to differences in the type and strength of study designs, as well as definitions or ARDS. While a substantial body of evidence exists concerning a casual role of ARDS risk factors, such as sepsis, aspiration, and trauma, > 60% of clinical studies employed weak designs. The lack of reproducible definitions for ARDS or its potential risk factors in 49% of studies raises concerns about the validity of the conclusions of these studies regarding the association between ARDS and the supposed risk factors.
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Critical care medicine · Apr 1996
Comparative StudyMechanical ventilation and arterial blood gas measurements 24 hours postextracorporeal life support for survivors of pediatric respiratory failure.
To summarize our institutional experience concerning mechanical ventilation support and blood gas measurements in the 24-hr period following extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for pediatric acute respiratory failure. ⋯ Successful decannulation from ECLS for > 24 hrs resulted in long-term survival in 97% (36/37) of children. Ventilator parameters and arterial blood gas measurements during the 24-hr period following bypass have been described for this population. Such conventional support may indicate safe levels of oxygen and mechanical ventilation pressures for the postbypass recovering lung.