Critical care medicine
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Critical care medicine · Mar 2000
Pharmacokinetics of meropenem in intensive care unit patients receiving continuous veno-venous hemofiltration or hemodiafiltration.
To evaluate an intravenous meropenem dosage regimen in adult intensive care patients with acute renal failure treated by continuous renal replacement therapy. ⋯ A meropenem dose of 1g iv every 12 hrs provides adequate serum concentrations in the majority of patients receiving continuous veno-venous hemofiltration or continuous venovenous hemofiltration with a 0.9-m2 polyacrylonitrile filter at combined ultrafiltrate/dialysate flow rates of up to 3 L/hr. A lower dose would not be sufficient for the empirical treatment of potentially life-threatening infections in all patients.
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Critical care medicine · Mar 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialAn immune-enhancing enteral diet reduces mortality rate and episodes of bacteremia in septic intensive care unit patients.
To determine whether early enteral feeding in a septic intensive care unit (ICU) population, using a formula supplemented with arginine, mRNA, and omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil (Impact), improves clinical outcomes, when compared with a common use, high protein enteral feed without these nutrients. ⋯ Immune-enhancing enteral nutrition resulted in a significant reduction in the mortality rate and infection rate in septic patients admitted to the ICU. These reductions were greater for patients with less severe illness.
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Critical care medicine · Mar 2000
The effect of vigorous fluid resuscitation in uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock after massive splenic injury.
Using a standardized massive splenic injury model of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock, we studied the effect of vigorous fluid resuscitation on the hemodynamic response and survival time in rats. ⋯ Vigorous infusion of normal saline after massive splenic injury resulted in a significant increase in intra-abdominal bleeding and decreased survival time. The hemodynamic response to crystalloid infusion in blunt abdominal trauma is primarily dependent on the severity of injury and the rate of blood loss.
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Critical care medicine · Mar 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialPhase II multicenter clinical study of the platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist BB-882 in the treatment of sepsis.
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist BB-882 in the treatment of patients with sepsis. ⋯ Treatment of sepsis with the platelet-activating factor antagonist BB-882 offers no advantage over placebo on survival, hemodynamic status, respiratory function, or organ failure scores.
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Critical care medicine · Mar 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialCarbamezapine for pain management in Guillain-Barré syndrome patients in the intensive care unit.
To evaluate carbamezapine (CBZ) for neuritic pain relief in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). ⋯ The pain in GBS has a dual origin, and we recommend CBZ as an adjuvant to treat pain in GBS patients, during the recovery phase in the ICU, to reduce the narcotic requirement.