Critical care medicine
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Critical care medicine · Oct 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialIntravenous omeprazole in critically ill patients: a randomized, crossover study comparing 40 with 80 mg plus 8 mg/hour on intragastric pH.
To compare intravenous omeprazole 40-mg single dose with 8 mg/hr after an 80-mg bolus injection on 24-hr intragastric pH in intensive care unit (ICU) ventilated patients. ⋯ In critically ill patients, intravenous omeprazole 40 mg single dose is as effective as 8 mg/hr after an 80-mg bolus injection on mean intragastric pH, time spent with a pH greater than 4 and 6, but only for the first 12 hrs. If an intragastric pH greater than 6 has to be maintained for 24 hrs in all patients, an 80-mg bolus followed by 8 mg/hr iv omeprazole is to be given. Our data suggest that in several critically ill patients, a single 40-mg iv omeprazole bolus injection may be able to achieve stress ulcer prophylaxis and that 40 mg twice daily should be compared with 8 mg/hr after an 80-mg bolus injection in bleeding ulcers.
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Critical care medicine · Oct 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialIntraoperative prostaglandin E1 improves antimicrobial and inflammatory responses in alveolar immune cells.
Anesthesia and surgery decrease antimicrobial and increase proinflammatory functions of alveolar immune cells. Thus, anti-inflammatory agents that do not further suppress antimicrobial functions are required. We tested the hypothesis that intraoperative prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) suppresses proinflammatory responses and prevents the reduction in antimicrobial responses of alveolar immune cells. ⋯ Intraoperative PGE1 not only suppressed proinflammatory responses, but also protected antimicrobial functions of alveolar macrophages, possibly because PGE1 is mostly inactivated in the pulmonary intravascular space. Our results suggest that intraoperative PGE1 protects the pulmonary immune defense in alveolar immune cells.
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Critical care medicine · Oct 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEffects of normothermia versus hypothermia on extravascular lung water and serum cytokines during cardiopulmonary bypass: a randomized, controlled trial.
To evaluate the influence of perfusion temperature on the systemic effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), including extravascular lung water index (EVLWI), and serum cytokines. ⋯ Normothermic CPB is not associated with additional inflammatory and related systemic adverse effects regarding cytokine production and EVLWI as compared with mild hypothermia. The potential temperature-dependent release of cytokines and subsequent inflammation has not been observed and normothermic CPB may be seen as a safe technique regarding this issue.
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Critical care medicine · Oct 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialInfusion of methylene blue in human septic shock: a pilot, randomized, controlled study.
To evaluate the effects of continuous infusion of methylene blue (MB), an inhibitor of the nitric oxide pathway, on hemodynamics and organ functions in human septic shock. ⋯ In human septic shock, continuously infused MB counteracts myocardial depression, maintains oxygen transport, and reduces concurrent adrenergic support. Infusion of MB appears to have no significant adverse effects on the selected organ function variables.
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Critical care medicine · Oct 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialGastric feeding with erythromycin is equivalent to transpyloric feeding in the critically ill.
To determine whether adding erythromycin to a gastric feeding regimen could render it as effective in meeting nutritional needs as transpyloric feeding. ⋯ Gastric feeding with erythromycin as a prokinetic is equivalent to transpyloric feeding in meeting the nutritional goals of the critically ill.