Critical care medicine
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Critical care medicine · Jul 2016
Beneficial Properties of Argon After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Early Treatment Reduces Mortality and Influences Hippocampal Protein Expression.
Until now, treatment ameliorating early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage has been nonexistent. Here, we evaluate the neuroprotective properties of argon after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage with mortality as the primary endpoint and functional outcome, as well as hippocampal cellular and molecular stress response as secondary endpoints. ⋯ Argon application after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage met the primary endpoint of reducing the risk of mortality. In addition, higher body weight indicating good overall condition was observed in the argon group over the entire observation period. Regarding the mechanism of action, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α-induced heme oxygenase 1 expression resulting in improved survival of neurons may contribute to the beneficial effect of argon application after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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Critical care medicine · Jul 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyUse of the GlideScope Ranger Video Laryngoscope for Emergency Intubation in the Prehospital Setting: A Randomized Control Trial.
We sought to assess whether the GlideScope Ranger video laryngoscope may be a reliable alternative to direct laryngoscopy in the prehospital setting. ⋯ Video laryngoscopy is an established tool in difficult airway management, but our results shed light on the specific problems in the emergency medical service setting. Prehospital use of the GlideScope was associated with some major problems, thus resulting in a lower intubation success rate when compared with direct laryngoscopy.
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Critical care medicine · Jul 2016
Multicenter Study Observational StudyAge, PaO2/FIO2, and Plateau Pressure Score: A Proposal for a Simple Outcome Score in Patients With the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
Although there is general agreement on the characteristic features of the acute respiratory distress syndrome, we lack a scoring system that predicts acute respiratory distress syndrome outcome with high probability. Our objective was to develop an outcome score that clinicians could easily calculate at the bedside to predict the risk of death of acute respiratory distress syndrome patients 24 hours after diagnosis. ⋯ A simple 9-point score based on the values of age, PaO2/FIO2 ratio, and plateau pressure calculated at 24 hours on protective ventilation after acute respiratory distress syndrome diagnosis could be used in real time for rating prognosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome patients with high probability.
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In the United States, sepsis is a major public health problem accounting for over 200,000 annual deaths. The aims of this study were to identify U.S. counties with high sepsis mortality and to assess the community characteristics associated with increased sepsis mortality. ⋯ Sepsis mortality is higher in the Southern United States, with three regional clusters: "Mississippi Valley," "Middle Georgia," and "Central Appalachia": Regions of high sepsis mortality are characterized by lower education, income, employment, and insurance coverage.
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Critical care medicine · Jul 2016
Derivation of Novel Risk Prediction Scores for Community-Acquired Sepsis and Severe Sepsis.
We sought to derive and internally validate a Sepsis Risk Score and a Severe Sepsis Risk Score predicting future sepsis and severe sepsis events among community-dwelling adults. ⋯ The Sepsis Risk Score and Severe Sepsis Risk Score predict 10-year sepsis and severe sepsis risk among community-dwelling adults and may aid in sepsis prevention or mitigation efforts.