The Netherlands journal of medicine
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Review Case Reports
Diagnostic and (new) therapeutic options for resistant hypertension: a short review.
Hypertension is a major risk factor for ischaemic heart disease and stroke. Despite the availability of numerous pharmacological treatment options, blood pressure (BP) targets are often not achieved. The inability to reach BP levels below 140/90 mmHg despite the use of three or more antihypertensive drugs is defined as resistant hypertension (RH). ⋯ First, BP should be appropriately measured. In order to improve BP control, lifestyle modification should be recommended, adherence should be carefully assessed to exclude pseudo-resistance, and efforts should be made to exclude secondary causes of hypertension before initiating new drugs or considering device-based treatment strategies. This short review will highlight several aspects of RH management along with a focus on several new treatment options. act available.
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To review the procedural diagnosis of male breast cancer. ⋯ Most of the diagnosed cases are advanced stage ductal invasive carcinomas, express hormone receptors in the great majority, and are less likely to over-express HER2-neu. They present usually as a painless retroareolar mass that requires triple assessment. The diagnosis needs a high index of suspicion primarily due to the unawareness of such a cancer in males.