American journal of preventive medicine
-
In the U.S., children regularly consume foods from quick-service restaurants, but little is known about the marketing strategies currently used inside quick-service restaurants. This study aims to validate a child-focused Environmental Assessment Tool for quick-service restaurants, evaluate marketing strategies inside and on the exterior of quick-service restaurants, and examine differences by community race/ethnicity or income. ⋯ Environmental Assessment Tool is a valid tool to evaluate marketing inside quick-service restaurants. Results suggest that there is a substantial amount of unhealthy food and beverage marketing inside quick-service restaurants, with differences in the number and types of techniques used in lower-income and minority communities. Policies that limit quick-service restaurant marketing to children should be considered.
-
Children with sickle cell disease are at increased risk of serious infections, many of which can be prevented by receipt of recommended immunizations. Study objectives were to (1) assess the primary immunization series coverage among children with sickle cell disease and (2) compare the coverage with that of those without sickle cell disease. ⋯ Although children with sickle cell disease had higher immunization rates than those without sickle cell disease, >40% of children with sickle cell disease did not receive all recommended immunizations by age 19 months. Immunization information systems should be utilized to improve routine immunization coverage of children with sickle cell disease.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
A Community Health Worker-Led Multicomponent Program to Promote Cervical Cancer Screening in South Asian Women: A Cluster RCT.
South Asian women in Hong Kong have low cervical cancer screening uptake because of multiple barriers to utilizing health resources. Interventions that effectively modify the cancer screening behaviors of this population are warranted. This study evaluates the effects of a community health worker-led multicomponent intervention on improving cervical cancer screening uptake among South Asian women in Hong Kong. ⋯ A community health worker-led multicomponent intervention is effective in promoting cervical cancer screening uptake and in reducing barriers to cancer screening utilization among South Asian women in Hong Kong. Combining a community health worker-led intervention with multiple intervention components could be an effective strategy for developing interventions to increase cervical cancer screening in underserved populations.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
The Impact of a Lifestyle Intervention on Postpartum Weight Retention Among At-Risk Hispanic Women.
This study assesses the impact of a culturally modified, motivationally targeted, individually tailored intervention on postpartum weight retention among Hispanic women with abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy. ⋯ In this randomized trial among Hispanic women, no significant overall differences in weight change pattern between intervention arms were observed. Higher levels of self-reported physical activity were associated with greater weight loss in both arms.
-
Healthcare systems are increasingly interested in identifying patients' housing-related risks, but minimal information exists to inform screening question selection. The primary study aim is to evaluate discordance among 5 housing-related screening questions used in health care. ⋯ The 5 housing questions captured different housing-related risks, contributed to different health consequences, and were relevant to different subpopulations. Before implementing housing-related screening initiatives, health systems should understand how specific measures surface distinct housing-related barriers. Measure selection should depend on program goals and intervention resources.