American journal of preventive medicine
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Higher levels of perceived stress are associated with adverse cardiovascular health. It is plausible that these associations are attenuated among individuals with positive psychological factors such as social support and health-enhancing behaviors. Therefore, this study examined longitudinal associations of chronic stress with cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, and whether social support and physical activity (PA) modify these associations. ⋯ Chronic stress was associated with the risk of having a CVD event among middle-aged adults, due at least in part to clinical mediators. Studies should continue exploring positive psychosocial and behavioral factors that may modify this association.
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Federal guidelines recommend physical activity throughout the day for preschool-aged children. Time playing outdoors can support physical activity participation, health, and development. Estimates of time playing outdoors among U.S. children aged 3-5 years have not been published. ⋯ Nearly 40% of preschool-aged children play outdoors for ≤1 hour per day on weekdays, with differences by sociodemographic and neighborhood characteristics. Further study and interventions focused on building supportive, equitable communities might increase the amount of time preschool-aged children spend playing outdoors.
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This study aimed to identify the prevalence and correlates of firearm ownership in a large, contemporary, nationally representative sample of U.S. military veterans. ⋯ This study provides an updated characterization of the prevalence and correlates of firearm ownership among the U.S. veterans. Results of this nationally representative study suggest that firearm ownership in this group may be higher than previously reported and underscore the importance of targeted suicide prevention efforts promoting firearm safety among vulnerable segments of this population.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Enhancing Tobacco Quitline Outcomes for African American Adults: An RCT of a Culturally Specific Intervention.
This study tested the effectiveness of a culturally specific tobacco cessation video intervention among African American quitline enrollees. ⋯ Culturally specific tobacco interventions delivered through state quitlines can increase cessation and thus have the potential to decrease health disparities among African American adults.
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It remains unclear whether inflammatory bowel disease is associated with long-term risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) in the general population. ⋯ Inflammatory bowel disease was associated with higher risks for CKD and AKI, independent of genetic risks of kidney diseases.