American journal of preventive medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Interactivity in a Decision Aid: Findings From a Decision Aid to Technologically Enhance Shared Decision Making RCT.
Colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) remains underutilized. Decision aids (DAs) can increase patient knowledge, intent, and CRCS rates compared with "usual care," but whether interactivity further increases CRCS rate remains unknown. ⋯ The interactive DA did not improve the outcome compared to the non-interactive DA. This suggests that the resources needed to create and maintain the interactive components are not justifiable.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Pragmatic Clinical Trial
Parent eReferral to Tobacco Quitline: A Pragmatic Randomized Trial in Pediatric Primary Care.
Quitlines are effective in helping smokers quit, but pediatrician quitline referral rates are low, and few parents who smoke use the service. This study compared enrollment of parents who smoke in the quitline using electronic referral with that using manual referral. ⋯ Smoking parent eReferral from pediatric primary care may increase quitline enrollment and could be adopted by practices interested in increasing rates of parent treatment.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Smoke-Free Moms: Financial Rewards for Smoking Cessation by Low-Income Rural Pregnant Women.
Maternal smoking places the child at risk during pregnancy and postpartum. Most women who quit smoking do so early when they first learn of pregnancy. Few low-income women quit once they enter prenatal care. The purpose of this study is to test in a clinical prenatal care setting the effectiveness of the Smoke-Free Moms intervention, which provides pregnant women a series of financial incentives for smoking cessation. ⋯ Financial incentives with existing smoking-cessation counseling by staff in low-income clinical prenatal programs led to cessation that continued during the postpartum period. Further study in larger populations is indicated.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Exercise Videogames, Physical Activity, and Health: Wii Heart Fitness: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Adults who engage in regular physical activity have lower rates of morbidity and mortality than those who do not. Exercise videogames may offer an attractive, sustainable alternative or supplement to traditional modes of exercise. This study compared exercise videogames with standard exercise modalities for improving uptake and maintenance of moderate to vigorous physical activity, and health risk indices. ⋯ Exercise videogames produced greater uptake and maintenance of moderate to vigorous physical activity compared with standard exercise and improvements in multiple health risk indices. Exercise videogames may promote sustainable physical activity with significant health benefits.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Physical Activity and Performance Impact Long-term Quality of Life in Older Adults at Risk for Major Mobility Disability.
Older adults are a rapidly growing segment of the U.S. ⋯ Declining mobility measured by physical performance is associated with lower quality of life in sedentary older adults. Physical activity interventions can slow the decline in quality of life, and targeting specific subgroups may enhance the effects of such interventions.