American journal of preventive medicine
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Vaping has become an increasingly common mode of administration for marijuana among youth, but there are limited data on its prevalence. There is a need to better understand youth prevalence of past 30-day marijuana vaping and its predictors. ⋯ Past 30-day marijuana vaping is prevalent among U.S. students, and there are robust associations between use and school- and substance-related risk behaviors. These results suggest that the emergence of vaping products might redefine populations at risk, which should be taken into account by marijuana regulatory policies or prevention programs.
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Healthcare organizations are transitioning from fee-for-service, volume-based care toward value-based care and the Triple Aim. Physicians have critical roles as leaders and practitioners in this emerging field of population health management; however, the competencies required of these physicians are not well described. The purpose of this study is to explore the approaches of healthcare systems to population health-related functions, the competencies needed, and the characteristics of physicians who lead or staff these functions. ⋯ This exploratory study identified several useful competencies for population health physicians in healthcare systems. Findings point to opportunities to promote a more systematic approach to population health and to prepare Preventive Medicine and other physicians for population health management positions.
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Emerging evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdown restrictions may have influenced alcohol consumption. This study examines changes in high-risk alcohol consumption from before to during the COVID-19 crisis in an established cohort of middle-aged British adults. ⋯ This study provides evidence linking the COVID-19 crisis and associated lockdown restrictions to an increase in high-risk drinking patterns and particularly frequent drinking in British adults. Potential long-term changes in drinking habits should be monitored following the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Previous studies have demonstrated cross-sectional associations between social media use and depression, but their temporal and directional associations have not been reported. ⋯ In a national sample of young adults, baseline social media use was independently associated with the development of depression by follow-up, but baseline depression was not associated with an increase in social media use at follow-up. This pattern suggests temporal associations between social media use and depression, an important criterion for causality.
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Cardiovascular disease risk calculators can inform and guide preventive strategies and treatment decisions by clinicians and patients. However, their uptake in primary care has been slow despite the recommendation in national cardiovascular disease prevention guidelines. Identifying the barriers to the implementation of cardiovascular disease risk calculators is essential for promoting their adoption. ⋯ To improve the uptake of cardiovascular disease risk calculation in primary care, future cardiovascular disease prevention and implementation research should consider tailoring interventions to the common barriers to implementing cardiovascular disease risk calculation.