American journal of preventive medicine
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Multicenter Study
Nonadherence Labeling in Primary Care: Bias by Race and Insurance Type for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.
Little is known about how provider bias can influence nonadherence labeling. Therefore, a retrospective cohort analysis was conducted to assess the risk of patients with Type 2 diabetes being labeled nonadherent by sociodemographic factors. ⋯ Black race and nonprivate insurance status were shown to be associated with increased risk of nonadherence labeling. The findings may indicate a concerning bias among providers in their perception of patient behavior by race and insurance.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Cluster Randomized Trial for Hypertension Control: Effect on Lifestyles and Body Weight.
Lifestyle modification, such as healthy diet habits, regular physical activity, and maintaining a normal body weight, must be prescribed to all hypertensive individuals. This study aims to test whether a multicomponent intervention is effective in improving lifestyle and body weight among low-income families. ⋯ The multicomponent intervention was effective for increasing fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity with no effect on alcohol consumption, smoking, addition of salt, or body weight among low-income families in Argentina.
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Multicenter Study
Gender Minority Mental Health in the U.S.: Results of a National Survey on College Campuses.
The purpose of this study was to examine mental health status by gender identity among undergraduate and graduate students. ⋯ Findings from this largest campus-based study of its kind using representative data with both gender identity and mental health measures underscore the importance of recognizing and addressing GM mental health burdens, such as by screening for mental health and providing gender-affirming services. There is broad urgency to identify protective factors and reduce mental health inequities for this vulnerable population.
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Multicenter Study
One Hour a Week: Moving to Prevent Disability in Adults With Lower Extremity Joint Symptoms.
Physical activity guidelines recommend minimum thresholds. This study sought to identify evidence-based thresholds to maintain disability-free status over 4years among adults with lower extremity joint symptoms. ⋯ Attaining an evidence-based threshold of approximately 1-hour moderate-vigorous activity/week significantly increased the likelihood of maintaining disability-free status over 4years. This minimum threshold tied to maintaining independent living abilities has value as an intermediate goal to motivate adults to take action towards the many health benefits of a physically active lifestyle.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Physical Activity and Performance Impact Long-term Quality of Life in Older Adults at Risk for Major Mobility Disability.
Older adults are a rapidly growing segment of the U.S. ⋯ Declining mobility measured by physical performance is associated with lower quality of life in sedentary older adults. Physical activity interventions can slow the decline in quality of life, and targeting specific subgroups may enhance the effects of such interventions.