Brain injury : [BI]
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2014
ReviewDisclosure and non-disclosure of concussion and concussion symptoms in athletes: review and application of the socio-ecological framework.
To summarize the factors associated with athletes' disclosure-and non-disclosure-of sports-related concussion and concussion symptoms within the context of the socio-ecological framework and to identify research gaps in the current literature. ⋯ Research gaps exist concerning factors influencing athletes' disclosure of sports-related concussions and concussion symptoms. Notably, researchers have focused on intra-personal and inter-personal levels, placing less emphasis on the environment and policy levels.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2014
Meta AnalysisModerate hypothermia treatment in adult patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis.
To evaluate the effect of moderate hypothermia treatment (MHT) in severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) compared to normothermia management. ⋯ MHT may be effective in reducing death and unfavourable clinical neurological outcomes, but this finding is not statistically significant, except for decreasing the mortality in Asian patients.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2014
Review Case ReportsLesions along the upper motor neuronal pathway with locked-in features after lightning strike and cardiac arrest: a case-review analysis.
This study describes a case of lesions of the upper motor neuronal pathway with locked-in features after lightning strike and cardiac arrest. ⋯ Direct damage of the upper motor neuron pathway due to the current of the lightning should be considered, albeit the relative contribution of hypoxia-induced damage cannot be separated.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2014
Multicenter StudyRecognition of facial and vocal affect following traumatic brain injury.
Studies of facial affect recognition by people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have shown this to be a significant problem. Vocal affect recognition also appears to be challenging for this population, but little is known about the degree to which one modality is impaired compared to the other. This study compared facial and vocal affect recognition of high and low intensity emotion expressions in people with moderate-to-severe TBI. ⋯ The degree of facial affect impairment was significantly greater than vocal affect impairment in this sample of people with moderate-to-severe TBI. Low intensity emotion expressions were particularly problematic and an advantage for positively valenced facial emotion expressions was indicated.
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The assessment of pain and nociception in non-communicative patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) is a real challenge for clinicians. It is, therefore, important to develop sensitive standardized tools usable at the bedside. ⋯ The suggested pain perception capacity highlighted by neuroimaging studies in patients in a MCS and in some patients in a VS/UWS supports the idea that these patients need analgesic treatment and monitoring. The first tool which has been developed to assess nociception and pain in patients with DOC is the NCS. Its revised version represents a rapid, standardized and sensitive scale which can be easily implemented in a clinical setting. Complementary pain assessments are also under validation in order to offer more options to clinicians.