Brain injury : [BI]
-
Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2015
Falls in young children with minor head injury: A prospective analysis of injury mechanisms.
Fall is a common mechanism of injury (MOI) in young children and an important risk factor for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Most children who fall have a minor head injury (MHI), defined as a blunt head trauma that occurred in a patient who is conscious and responsive. ⋯ The risk for csTBI was low and no association was found between MOI and injury severity.
-
Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2015
The impact of blood ethanol concentration on the classification of head injury severity in traumatic brain injury.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is classified into mild, moderate and severe, based on the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS). However, TBI patients are often influenced by ethanol, which in itself can attenuate the level of consciousness. This study investigated the effect of ethanol on the GCS group classification in TBI patients. ⋯ Increasing BEC was associated with increasing odds of being in a more severe GCS group. However, because the modelled probability of significant brain injury was high in patients with high levels of BEC, a reduced level of consciousness in intoxicated patients mandates further radiological investigations.
-
Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2015
Neuropsychological outcome and its correlates in the first year after adult mild traumatic brain injury: A population-based New Zealand study.
The relationship between moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and cognitive deficits is well known. The nature, duration and predictors of cognitive difficulties post-mild TBI remain unclear. This study examined cognitive, mood and post-concussion outcomes of mild TBI over 1-year post-injury. ⋯ Whilst significant improvements were noted across measures over time, a significant proportion of individuals still perform poorly on neuropsychological measures 12-months after mild TBI; and these were linked to post-concussion symptoms, mood and self-reported cognitive outcomes. This implies a longer trajectory for recovery than has previously been suggested, which has implications for provision of assessment and rehabilitation services for more extended periods.
-
Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2015
Case ReportsTraumatic axonal injury of the corticospinal tract in the subcortical white matter in patients with mild traumatic brain injury.
Little is known about injury of the corticospinal tract (CST) in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study reports on patients with mild TBI who showed traumatic axonal injury of the CST in the sub-cortical white matter, as demonstrated by diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). ⋯ This study demonstrated traumatic axonal injury of the CST using configurational evaluation of DTT in patients with mild TBI. It is believed that configurational evaluation using DTT would be a useful technique for detection of localized traumatic axonal injury in patients with mild TBI.
-
Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2015
Clinical TrialAssociation of ICP, CPP, CT findings and S-100B and NSE in severe traumatic head injury. Prognostic value of the biomarkers.
The association was studied of intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) on S-100B and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). The relationship was explored between biomarkers, ICP, CPP, CT-scan classifications and the clinical outcome. ⋯ Biomarker levels are associated with ICP and CPP and reflect different aspects of brain injury as evaluated by CT-scan. The biomarkers might predict mortality. There are several pitfalls influencing the interpretation of biomarker data in respect to ICP, CPP, CT-findings and clinical outcome.