Nutrition
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The aim of this study was is to predict malnutrition status in under-five children in Bangladesh by using various machine learning (ML) algorithms. ⋯ On the basis of the findings, we can presume that the RF algorithm was moderately superior to any other ML algorithms used in this study to predict malnutrition status among under-five children in Bangladesh. Finally, the present research recommends applying RF classification with RF feature selection when the prediction of malnutrition is the core interest.
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Evidence from prospective studies on the association between eating speed and metabolic syndrome is limited. We prospectively investigated the association between eating speed and metabolic syndrome in a Japanese working population. ⋯ Fast eating speed was associated with an increased likelihood of developing metabolic syndrome independently of total energy intake, BMI at baseline, and BMI change during the follow-up period.
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Bariatric surgery is becoming increasingly popular in the treatment of severely obese patients who failed to lose weight with the help of non-surgical interventions. Such patients are at increased risk for premature death, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, gallstones, coronary heart disease, dyslipidemia, some cancers, anxiety, depression, and degenerative joint disorders. Although bariatric surgery appears to be the most effective and durable treatment option for obesity, it is associated with a number of surgical and medical complications. ⋯ To achieve better surgery outcomes, a number of postsurgical strategies must be considered. The aim of this review was to describe possible complications, ailments, and important moments in the follow-up after bariatric surgery. Adequate lifelong monitoring is crucial for the achievement of long-lasting goals and reduction of post-bariatric complications.
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The gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has been regarded as one of the potent risk factors for cardiovascular events and diabetes. In the current meta-analysis we quantitatively summarized and updated the results of studies regarding the association between TMAO and mortality. A systematic search was performed from PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and Embase. ⋯ There were 31 230 participants included and the results showed that being in the highest category of TMAO increased the hazard ratio (HR) of mortality by 47%. Moreover, there was a non-linear association between increased TMAO concentrations and HR of mortality. In the current dose-response meta-analysis, we revealed a positive association between TMAO and mortality risk among an adult population.
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Evidence suggests that ω-3 fatty acids (FA) may have an anabolic effect on skeletal muscle. However, questions about dosage, frequency, combined protein supplementation, or different physical exercises remain unanswered. The aim of this study was to quantify by stereology whether supplementation with high dosages of ω-3 FA combined with swimming has an anabolic effect on the skeletal musculature and on the lipid profile of rats. ⋯ The administration of high doses of ω-3 associated with physical activity may be beneficial in the treatment of dyslipidemia. High doses of ω-3 FA do not cause muscle mass alteration.