Nutrition
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Current Parkinson's disease (PD) medications treat symptoms; none can slow down or arrest the disease progression. Disease-modifying therapies for PD remain an urgent unmet clinical need. This review was designed to summarize recent findings regarding to the efficacy of phytochemicals in the treatment of PD and their underlying mechanisms. ⋯ There is now extensive evidence from preclinical studies that neuroprotective phytochemicals as promising candidate drugs for PD are needed to translate from the laboratory to the clinic.
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Early clinical prognosis and mortality reduction remains a challenge in chronic liver disease (CLD). The full potential of the Nutritional Prognostic Index (NPI) for nutritional assessment and management in CLD patients remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to establish an NPI cutoff point for the identification of nutritional risk in advanced CLD (ACLD) patients, as well as to assess the NPI's ability to predict ACLD-associated mortality. ⋯ The NPI is a valuable nutritional marker for the identification of nutritional risk in ACLD and is a simple and effective assessment tool that can aid in early CLD prognosis assessment. Validation, however, remains necessary in other CLD populations of different etiologies.
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The association of sorbitol intake with maintaining healthy body weight through the gut microbiome during early life was investigated. ⋯ Sorbitol intake was associated with lower child and adolescent BMI. Sorbitol consumption could shape the composition and richness of beneficial microbiota, contributing to the maintenance of ideal body weight and metabolic homeostasis in early life.
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Comparative Study
Comparison of Two Techniques to Assess Muscle Mass Loss During ICU Stay: Muscle Ultrasound vs Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis.
Muscle wasting is a prevalent issue among long-term critically ill patients and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Evaluating muscle mass in the ICU presents challenges due to the lack of a consistent methodology and the significant impact of fluid balance range in ICU patients. This prospective study aimed to compare the utility of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and ultrasound (US) for monitoring muscle wasting in critically ill patients over an initial seven-day period of critical illness. ⋯ Ultrasound was a more suitable method for assessing and monitoring muscle wasting during ICU stays, while bioelectrical impedance analysis failed to demonstrate a comparable degree of muscle loss at Days 5 and 7. This study highlights the importance of selecting an appropriate assessment method based on the specific clinical context, emphasizing the reliability of US in evaluating muscle wasting among critically ill patients.
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This study investigated biomarkers in individuals with newly developed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (ND-MASLD) and examined the interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental factors using a machine learning approach in a large longitudinal study. ⋯ Early-stage biomarkers of ND-MASLD were closely linked to MetS incidence. Dietary quality, perceived health status, and psychological stress emerged as potential targets for MASLD prevention strategies, with lifestyle modifications potentially overriding genetic predispositions. The results indicate that preventive strategies about lifestyle modification should be developed for MASLD.