Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to examine the associations of klotho with body mass index (BMI) in patients with restricting-type anorexia nervosa (r-AN) and obesity. ⋯ These results suggest that klotho may reflect normal nutritional state, and that the decrease of klotho in r-AN and obesity may underlie the deteriorating processes of these disorders.
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Intake of multivitamin preparations is very common in developed countries. However, excessive intake of vitamin A was associated with increased bone fragility. The aim of this study was to determine if chronic administration of the active metabolite of vitamin A all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) in slight excess is associated with changes of bone turnover and density in intact and castrated mice. ⋯ Our results indicate that repeated administration of ATRA in slight excess leads to significant bone loss both in intact and castrated mice. This effect was more pronounced in testosterone-deficient animals. Testosterone deficiency as occurs following castration may sensitize the bone to resorption mediated by ATRA. Therefore, chronic vitamin A administration may be a risk factor for osteoporosis, especially in older and testosterone-depleted subjects.