Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of brown and golden flaxseed on the lipid profile, glycemia, inflammatory biomarkers, blood pressure and body composition in overweight adolescents.
Flaxseed is a promising alternative to reduce the risk of diseases associated with body weight excess because it is rich in a-linolenic acid, lignans, and dietary fiber. Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) can be found in brown and golden varieties; however, questions have arisen as to whether the variety may influence the health effects. ⋯ The adolescents consumed about half the daily amount provided, which may not have been sufficient to exert the health benefits of flaxseed reported in the literature, concerning the lipid profile, inflammation biomarkers and body composition.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Early oral refeeding based on hunger in moderate and severe acute pancreatitis: a prospective controlled, randomized clinical trial.
Early enteral nutrition is beneficial for acute pancreatitis (AP), but the optimal timing and criteria remain unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and safety of early oral refeeding (EORF) based on hunger in patients with moderate or severe AP. ⋯ This controlled, randomized clinical trial confirmed the effectiveness and feasibility of EORF based on hunger in patients with moderate or severe AP. EORF could shorten the length of hospitalization in patients with moderate or severe AP.
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The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Fitmate metabolic system in measuring the oxygen consumption and resting metabolic rate (RMR) in ambulatory and hospitalized patients. ⋯ These data indicate that the Fitmate using a mask provided a fair evaluation of REE despite a large limit of agreement. It remains a reliable and valid system for measuring oxygen consumption and RMR in nonventilated patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Early nutritional support and physiotherapy improved long-term self-sufficiency in acutely ill older patients.
An acute disease is regularly associated with inflammation, decreased food intake, and low physical activity; the consequence is loss of muscle mass. However, the restoration of muscle tissue is problematic, especially in older patients. Loss of muscle mass leads to further decrease of physical activity which leads, together with recurring disease, to the progressive muscle mass loss accompanied by loss of self-sufficiency. Early nutrition support and physical activity could reverse this situation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether an active approach based on early nutritional therapy and exercise would influence the development of sarcopenia and impaired self-sufficiency during acute illness. ⋯ The early nutritional intervention together with early rehabilitation preserves muscle mass and independence in ill older patients hospitalized because of acute disease.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of oral administration of orodispersible levo-carnosine on quality of life and exercise performance in patients with chronic heart failure.
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is characterized by several micronutrient deficits. Amino acid supplementation may have a positive effect on nutritional and metabolic status in patients with CHF. Levo-carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is expressed at a high concentration in myocardium and muscle. Preliminary studies with L-carnosine in healthy individuals have suggested a potential role in improving exercise performance. To our knowledge, no study has been conducted in patients with heart failure. The aim of this study was to test the oral supplementation of L-carnosine and its effects on quality of life and exercise performance in patients with stable CHF. ⋯ This study suggests that L-carnosine, added to conventional therapy, has beneficial effects on exercise performance and quality of life in stable CHF. More data are necessary to evaluate its effects on left-ventricular ejection fraction and prognosis in CHF.