Nutrition
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Comparative Study
Impact of intravenous lipid emulsions on liver function tests: Contribution of parenteral fish oil.
Lipids in parenteral nutrition (PN) have been linked to liver damage. The aim of this study is to 1) determine whether the incidence of alterations in liver function tests (LFTs) changes over time among hospitalized adult patients receiving PN; 2) evaluate whether the alteration in LFTs varies with the pattern of lipid administration; and 3) study the relationship between LFT alterations and fish oil (FO) emulsions. ⋯ GGT and AP increased throughout the clinical course of PN administration. These alterations had a multifactorial component. The administration of FO was associated with a significant decrease in the levels of GGT and AP.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal changes of C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations during pregnancy and to assess whether socioeconomic, anthropometric, dietary, behavioral, and biochemical factors are associated with these changes. ⋯ CRP concentrations increased throughout pregnancy. Parity and prepregnancy BMI were positively associated and dietary glycemic load was negatively associated with concentrations of CRP.
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Leptin receptor gene (LEPR) encodes a receptor for leptin hormone expressed in hypothalamus and single nucleotide polymorphisms in LEPR may have a considerable effect on obesity phenotype. The aim of this study was to investigate an extensively studied LEPR polymorphism Gln223 Arg in a Pakistani study group and its association patterns with different serum biochemical parameters. ⋯ The LEPR Gln223 is associated with obesity, lipid parameters, and plasma glucose in all subjects, with weight, body mass index, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure only in obese subjects, but showed no association with leptin, insulin, and HOMA-IR in a Pakistani study group.
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The aim of this study was to analyze the economic effects of hospital malnutrition and the cost of longer hospital stays according to the Prevalence of Hospital Malnutrition and Associated Costs in Spain (PREDyCES) study data. ⋯ Hospital malnutrition in Spain is associated with substantial costs, suggesting the need to establish procedures for screening, diagnosing, and treating malnutrition.
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Soluble arabinoxylan alters digesta flow and protein digestion of red meat-containing diets in pigs.
The aim of this study was to investigate how a moderate increase in dietary meat content combined (or not) with soluble fibre would influence protein digestion as well as digesta characteristics and flow. ⋯ Data showed that solubilized wheat arabinoxylan provides potential health benefits through decreased protein digestibility, increased digesta mass, and reduced mean retention time, even for diets with a moderately higher protein content. These factors are associated with efficiency of digestion and satiety, both of which have implications for prevention of obesity and other health disorders.