Nutrition
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Significant changes in the preference for different dietary components have been observed after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the early post-RYGB changes in quality of eating patterns and their relationship to weight loss and metabolic parameters. ⋯ Participants in the present study appeared to develop a healthier dietary pattern by 6 mo after RYGB. These results show that a healthier dietary pattern is associated with a significant improvement of metabolic profile and weight loss.
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Poor nutritional status is associated with osteoporosis (OP) in postmenopausal women. Moreover, recent studies documented that prealbumin is the best and most widely used parameter to monitor nutrition intervention and is a sensitive predictor of short-term outcome compared with albumin. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the association of prealbumin levels with bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with OP. ⋯ Prealbumin was significantly correlated with BMD after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Further prospective research is warranted to further enhance our understanding of the important role of prealbumin in OP.
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Comparative Study
Mortality prediction of a body shape index versus traditional anthropometric measures in an Iranian population: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.
A body shape index (ABSI) based on waist circumference (WC) adjusted for height and weight has been shown to be a risk factor for premature mortality. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that ABSI predicts mortality hazard better than other anthropometric measures in an Iranian population. ⋯ ABSI was the strongest predictor of all-cause mortality among the anthropometric measurements, except WHpR in women. When ABSI was added to the Framingham general cardiovascular disease algorithm, it failed to improve the predictive ability.
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Comparative Study
Association between estimated total daily energy expenditure and stage of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, and nutritional status is one of the major prognostic factors of ALS. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) and progression of disease in ALS patients, as well as sex differences in TDEE. ⋯ The present study suggests that TDEE decreases with progression of ALS, and patients consume insufficient energy compared with required intake at all stages, particularly at stage 3, suggesting that nutrition support should be started at least before stage 3. Additionally, among the five equations for TDEE, TDEE 2 could be the best for evaluating the nutritional status of patients with ALS.
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The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between sodium and potassium intakes and blood pressure (BP) in a clinical sample. ⋯ In the present study, a high dietary sodium intake and high sodium-to-potassium ratio predicted high SBP. This suggests a need to focus dietary advice on reduction of sources of sodium and increasing sources of potassium in weight loss interventions to improve BP control.