Nutrition
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Sex-specific differences in factors associated with aging and lifespan, such as sarcopenia and disease development, are increasingly recognized. The study aims to assess sex-specific aspects of the association between vitamin D insufficiency and low lean mass as well as between vitamin D insufficiency and the frailty phenotype. ⋯ We found notable sex-specific differences in the association of vitamin D insufficiency with low lean mass but not of vitamin D insufficiency with frailty. Vitamin D might play a relevant role in the loss of lean mass in men but not women and might be a biological marker of an unfavorable aging process associated with early development of frailty regardless of sex.
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The objective of this study was to evaluate estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) and markers of renal function in very low birthweight (VLBW) children and to relate these parameters to current nutritional status. ⋯ Prepubertal children born with VLBW did not have altered renal function, regardless of their current nutritional status.
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There is minimal research on the effect of overall dietary patterns on the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the Korean population. The present study investigated the association between dietary patterns and NAFLD. ⋯ The traditional dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk of NAFLD, and the simple meal pattern was associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD in the Korean population. This finding supports the use of dietary patterns to predict the risk of NAFLD and potentially serve as a dietary prevention strategy in individuals who are at high risk of developing NAFLD.
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The aim of this study was to develop and validate a comprehensive food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for The Maastricht Study, a population-based prospective cohort study in Maastricht, The Netherlands. ⋯ Overall, the validity of the 253-item Maastricht FFQ was satisfactory. The comprehensiveness of this FFQ make it well suited for use in The Maastricht Study and similar populations.
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The aim of this study was to investigate food consumption during pregnancy by determining dietary patterns, associations with maternal characteristics, and possible changes in adherence to patterns throughout pregnancy. ⋯ We found associations between maternal sociodemographic characteristics and adherence to different dietary patterns, as well as changes in adherence during pregnancy. This knowledge is relevant to creating specific and feasible guidelines for different population strata associated with the patterns.