Nutrition
-
Observational Study
Dietary patterns associated with obesity and overweight: When should misreporters be included in analysis?
The aim of the study was to identify dietary patterns associated with overweight and obesity and to examine the effect of including and excluding misreporters on the analysis of these dietary patterns and on the associations between identified dietary patterns and anthropometric parameters. ⋯ There is a positive relationship between the WD pattern and obesity. The exclusion of misreporters from the data set may positively affect the association between the HD pattern and anthropometric parameters.
-
The aim of the present work was to assess the content of fiber and resistant starch (RS) in several gluten-free products (GFPs), compare them with their gluten-containing analogs (GCP) analytically and with label data, and measure the contribution of these foodstuffs to the fiber content of a gluten-free diet. ⋯ The fiber and RS content were not different in the studied samples, except for the bread. It is noteworthy that label information can underestimate fiber consumption among those with celiac disease, and this must be considered for future database revision. Additionally, we demonstrated a significant effect on the fiber intake of children and adults due to GFPs, and especially to bread, a widely consumed basic product.
-
Observational Study
Association of fatty acid consumption with frailty and mortality among middle-aged and older adults.
Despite their role in health and disease, the relationship between fatty acids (FAs) and frailty and mortality remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore how FA intake is associated with frailty and mortality. ⋯ Only a higher percentage of SFA intake was associated with both higher frailty and mortality even after considering the degree of nutritional deficits. The effect of SFAs on mortality was evident across levels of frailty. FAs were associated with long-term mortality more often than they with degree of frailty.
-
Genetic predisposition and epigenetic signatures could explain why some individuals regain the weight lost after different obesity treatments. Major facilitator superfamily domain 3 (MFSD3) is a family of membrane-bound solute carriers whose expression has been recently associated with nutrient intake and adipose tissue homeostasis. This study aimed to evaluate a possible association between MFSD3 preoperative methylation pattern and weight regain after bariatric surgery. ⋯ Preoperative hypermethylation of MFSD3 gene is significantly associated with weight regain and a worse response to gastric bypass.
-
The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between changes in lower limb muscle mass and energy intake during the acute phase in older hemiplegic inpatients with stroke. ⋯ Energy intake could affect ΔFMT on the non-paralysis side in older stroke inpatients.