Nutrition
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Skipping breakfast prolongs the fasting state initiated after the last meal consumed the previous day and can have negative effects on muscle protein balance. The aim of this crossover trial was to examine the effects of skipping breakfast before a single bout of resistance exercise (RE) on muscle protein breakdown (MPB), as assessed using the urinary 3-methylhistidine/creatinine ratio (3-MH/Cr). ⋯ Eating breakfast before RE can be beneficial for MPB suppression. The importance of breakfast consumption in terms of positive muscle protein balance is emphasized on sports fields.
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Advances in metabolomic tools have allowed us to gain a more comprehensive understanding of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between plasma metabolomic profiles and MetS. ⋯ Plasma metabolomic profiles were associated with MetS, especially the amino acid serine and some acyl-alkyl PCs.
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Skeletal muscle mass with function decline indicated as sarcopenia, which may cause disability in elderly adults. Studies regarding fat composition in sarcopenia have gained attraction recently; however, different fat indexes have yielded different findings. It is necessary to explore the association between muscle mass, muscle function, and fat indexes among elderly adults. ⋯ Individuals in the presarcopenia group had lower fat indexes than those in the sarcopenia group. Gait speed in men and hand grip strength in women-but not muscle mass for either- were negatively associated with body-fat percentage and fat-to-muscle ratio.
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The aim of this study was to develop new appendicular lean mass (ALM) prediction models based on ultrasound and anthropometric measurements. ⋯ Based on two ultrasound assessments and a few anthropometric measurements, the developed equations produced accurate and unbiased ALM estimates in the sample. Hence: 2 MTs + 2 lengths (+ 2 circumferences) = 4 limbs' muscle mass. Such models might represent promising alternatives for muscle assessment among older individuals.
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This study aimed to investigate the potential of using changes in the plasma levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota-derived metabolite, as a biomarker in early Parkinson's disease (PD). ⋯ The results demonstrate that lower baseline plasma TMAO levels are associated with faster increases in LED and tend to increase the risk for PD-dementia conversion, suggesting the prognostic implications of TMAO in early stage PD.