Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the magnitude of weight loss (WL) and serum concentrations of the main adipocytokines and appetite-regulating hormones in adolescents with obesity. ⋯ Weight loss >10% seems to reverse obesity-induced hyperleptinemia while stabilizing the neuropeptides that control appetite in adolescents with obesity. We were able to produce a prognostic mathematical model to predict body fat loss using weight, leptin, and α-MSH variations.
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Information is limited regarding the possible relationship between diet-related inflammation and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study investigated the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet, measured by the dietary inflammatory index (DII), and GDM risk in pregnant Chinese women. ⋯ These findings suggest that a higher DII score, corresponding to a more proinflammatory diet, is associated with a higher risk of GDM, particularly in pregnant women who were overweight or obese before pregnancy.
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This article describes two patients with renal lithiasis who received a megadose of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25[OH]D) and had a good outcome. ⋯ To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of a megadose of vitamin D used in patients with nephrolithiasis. Furthermore, this shows the safety of this strategy in patients without hypercalciuria.
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Case Reports
Case report The importance of vitamin D in treatment of fracture non-union: A case report.
The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D is currently increasing. A wide variety of diseases and complications are associated with low vitamin D serum concentrations, including poor fracture healing and fracture non-union. A healthy 44-y-old man presented himself with pain due to a non-union of a femoral shaft fracture at 4 y after the initial injury. ⋯ Hypovitaminosis D was diagnosed, and subsequent supplementation resulted in complete union of the fracture with full pain relief. This case illustrates the importance of adequate serum vitamin D levels in fracture healing, in addition to other fracture healing facilitating factors. With the increasing prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and possibly associated fracture-related complications, routine vitamin D determination should become part of clinical workup in cases of fracture non-union.
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Childhood obesity is a critical health issue. The etiology of childhood obesity is multifactorial, with age, gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status interacting to affect risk. Food insecurity is known to be associated with risk of childhood obesity, but the body of evidence regarding Koreans is lacking. This study investigated the association between childhood obesity and household food insecurity in Koreans. Other lifestyle and nutritional factors associated with obesity were also examined. ⋯ Differential lifestyle factors are associated with obesity phenotypes in boys and girls. Food insecurity also showed a contrasting association with obesity risk by gender in young Koreans.